American Journal of Physics
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American Association
of Physics Teachers

OFFICERS AND
EXECUTIVE BOARD

ALEXANDER K. DICKISON, President
  Seminole Community College
  Sanford, Florida

DAVID M. COOK, President-Elect
  Lawrence University
  Appleton, Wisconsin

DAVID SOKOLOFF, Vice-President
  University of Oregon
  Eugene, Oregon

STEVEN IONA, Secretary
  University of Denver
  Denver, Colorado

PAUL W. ZITZEWITZ, Treasurer
  University of Michigan–Dearborn
  Dearborn, Michigan

LILA M. ADAIR, Past-President
  Piedmont College
  Monroe, Georgia

MARY ELIZABETH MOGGE,
Chair of Section Representatives
  California State Polytechnic University
  Pomona, California

MARINA MILNER-BOLOTIN,
Vice Chair of Section Representatives
  University of British Columbia
  Vancouver, British Columbia

MARIE PLUMB
  Jamestown Community College
  Jamestown, New York

GORDON P. RAMSEY
  Loyola University Chicago
  Frankfort, Illinois

ELIZABETH B. CHESICK
  The Baldwin School
  Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania

KARL C. MAMOLAEditor
  Ex Officio

  The Physics Teacher

JAN TOBOCHNIKEditor
  Ex Officio
  American Journal of Physics

WARREN W. HEIN,
  Executive Officer
  Ex Officio
  AAPT
  College Park, Maryland

PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE

STEVEN IONAChair
  University of Denver
  Denver, Colorado

MARINA MILNER-BOLOTINRecording Secretary
  University of British Columbia
  Vancouver, British Columbia

LILA M. ADAIR
  Piedmont College
  Monroe, Georgia

JUAN R. BURCIAGA
  Dennison University
  Granville, OH

ROBERT J. BEICHNER
  North Carolina State University
  Raleigh, North Carolina

KARL C. MAMOLA
  Appalachian State University
  Boone, North Carolina

BRUCE A. MASON
  University of Oklahoma
  Norman, Oklahoma

MARIE PLUMB
  Jamestown Community College
  Jamestown, New York

ROGER H. STUEWER
  University of Minnesota
  Minneapolis, Minnesota

JAN TOBOCHNIK
  Kalamazoo College
  Kalamazoo, Michigan

PAUL W. ZITZEWITZ
  University of Michigan—Dearborn
  Dearborn, Michigan

WARREN W. HEIN,
  Executive Officer
  Ex Officio
  AAPT
  College Park, Maryland

CODEN: AJPIAS    ISSN: 0002-9505
Editor:

Jan Tobochnik
American Journal of Physics
Kalamazoo College
1200 Academy Street
Kalamazoo, Michigan 49006

(269) 337-5802
E-mail: ajp@kzoo.edu

http://www.kzoo.edu/ajp/

Associate Editor:  Harvey Gould, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610
Consulting Editors:  David J. Griffiths, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202
Barry R. Holstein, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
William J. Mullin, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
John Mallinckrodt, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768
Apparatus and Demonstrations Notes Editor:  Frank L. H. Wolfs, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627
Book Review Editor:  Hans C. von Baeyer, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187
Physics Education Research Section Editor:  Charles Henderson, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008
Resource Letter Editor:  Roger H. Stuewer, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455

Editorial Advisory Board:

Ernest R. Behringer, Eastern Michigan University
Christian Brosseau, Université de Bretagne Occidentale
Anne J. Cox, Eckerd College
David Garfinkle, Oakland University
L. Mahadevan, Harvard University
Carl Mungan, United States Naval Academy
Gerardo Muñoz, California State University, Fresno
Beate Schmittmann, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University
Harold Zapolsky, Rutgers University

Editorial Staff at AIP:

Diane Brzozowski, Team Leader
Margaret Wilgosz, Lead Production Editor

Published by the AAPT (American Association of Physics Teachers):
One Physics Ellipse, College Park, Maryland 20740-3845;
(301) 209-3300

Advertising Department:

Robert Finnegan, rfinneg@aip.org

General Information:

The American Journal of Physics is devoted to the instructional and cultural aspects of physical science. The Journal was established in 1933 and from 1933 to 1940 it carried the title The American Physics Teacher. The Journal is published by AAPT through the American Institute of Physics (Suite 1NO1, 2 Huntington Quadrangle, Melville, NY 11747-4502), which is an association of ten professional societies (including AAPT) representing major areas of physics.

Manuscripts to be considered for publication and referee reports should be submitted to the Editor electronically using web forms available at the American Journal of Physics web site http://www.kzoo.edu/ajp/. Submission of a manuscript is a representation that it has not been published previously nor is currently submitted for publication elsewhere. If the manuscript is accepted for publication, a signed statement must be submitted to the American Institute of Physics, Office of Rights and Permissions, Suite 1NO1, 2 Huntington Quadrangle, Melville, NY 11747-4502, transferring copyright to the AAPT; the appropriate form will be supplied at the time of acceptance.

Manuscripts must be prepared in accordance with the general requirements that are summarized in the Information for Contributors, available at http://www.kzoo.edu/ajp/.

Proofs and correspondence concerning papers in the process of being printed should be addressed to the Editorial Supervisor, AJP, American Institute of Physics, Suite 1NO1, 2 Huntington Quadrangle, Melville, NY 11747-4502. Reference must be made to title, authors, journal, and scheduled date of issue. A limited number of alterations in proof are unavoidable, but the cost of making extensive alterations after the article has been set in type will be charged to the author.

Copying: Single copies of individual articles may be made for private use or research. Authorization is given to copy articles beyond the free use permitted under Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law, provided that the copying fee of $30.00 per copy per article is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA, www.copyright.com. (Note: The ISSN for this journal is 0002-9505.)

Authorization does not extend to systematic or multiple reproduction, to copying for promotional purposes; to electronic storage or distribution, or to republication in any form. In all such cases, specific written permission from AAPT must be obtained.

Permission for Other Use: Permission is granted to quote from the journal with the customary acknowledgment of the source. To reprint a figure, table, or other excerpt requires the consent of one of the authors and notification of AAPT.

Requests for Permissions: Address requests to AIP Office of Rights and Permissions, Suite 1NO1, 2 Huntington Quadrangle, Melville, NY 11747-4502; Fax 516-576-2450; Telephone: 516-576-2268; E-mail: rights@aip.org.