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Investigation of 90° coupling in Fe/Ag/Fe structures: ``Loose spins'' and fluctuation mechanism

J. Appl. Phys. 77, 6432 (1995); doi:10.1063/1.359117

Issue Date: 15 June 1995

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M. Schäfer, S. Demokritov, S. Müller-Pfeiffer, R. Schäfer, M. Schneider, P. Grünberg, and W. Zinn
Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
Results are outlined of experimental work concerning Slonczewski's theories explaining 90° coupling: ``loose spin'' theory and thickness-fluctuation mechanism. The loose spin theory suggests that 90° coupling originates from paramagnetic impurities in the interlayer of an exchange-coupled layered structure. The influence of these paramagnetic impurities on the magnetic exchange coupling was studied using the wedge technique. High-quality single-crystalline Fe/Ag/Fe samples were prepared in UHV and each sample consisted of two wedges: one wedge with additional Fe deliberately inserted during growth into the Ag interlayer and one wedge with a pure Fe/Ag/Fe structure. The detailed analysis of magneto-optic hysteresis loops revealed quantitatively the bilinearly and the 90° coupling strength. As predicted by loose spin theory additional Fe in the Ag spacer lead to a strong temperature dependence of the 90° coupling. According to the theory an increase of 90° coupling strength proportional to impurity concentration was detected while the strength of bilinear coupling decreased. For the pure Fe/Ag/Fe structure, a linear increase of the 90° coupling strength with decreasing temperature was observed. This result can be explained within the fluctuation mechanism which creates 90° coupling through a combination of interface roughness and intralayer ferromagnetic exchange. ©1995 American Institute of Physics.
History: Received 2 December 1994; accepted 21 February 1995
Permalink: http://link.aip.org/link/?JAPIAU/77/6432/1
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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords
PACS
  • 75.70.Fr
    Magnetic properties and materials Magnetic films and multilayers Magnetic ordering in multilayers
  • 75.50.Rr
    Magnetic properties and materials Studies of specific magnetic materials Magnetism in interface structures (including layer and superlattice structures)
  • YEAR: 1995

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PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN:
0021-8979 (print)   1089-7550 (online)
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AIP is a member of CrossRef AIP

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