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A comparative study of thermal behavior of iron and copper nanofluids

J. Appl. Phys. 106, 064307 (2009); doi:10.1063/1.3225574

Published 21 September 2009

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Kaustav Sinha,1 Barkan Kavlicoglu,2 Yanming Liu,2 Faramarz Gordaninejad,3 and Olivia A. Graeve3
1Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS 388 Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
2Advanced Materials and Devices, Inc., 6490 South McCarran Boulevard, Suite 34, Reno, Nevada 89509, USA
3Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia St.-MS 312, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA
4Kazuo Inamori School of Engineering, Alfred University, 2 Pine Street, Alfred, New York 14802, USA
Nanofluids consist of nanoparticles dispersed in heat transfer carrier fluid and are typically used for enhancing thermal conductivity in devices and systems. This study investigated the synthesis of iron and copper nanoparticle-based thermal fluids prepared using a two-step process. Chemical precipitation was used for the synthesis of the powders, and ultrasonic irradiation was used to disperse the nanoparticles in the carrier fluid (ethylene glycol). The size distributions of the nanopowders in the carrier fluid were determined using dynamic light scattering resulting in average particle sizes of around 500 nm. The crystallite sizes of the powders were below 20 nm. Thus, both types of nanofluids are comparable with regard to crystallite size, particle size, and morphology resulting in a direct comparison of material properties and their effect on thermal conductivity of the nanofluids. A guarded hot parallel-plate method and dynamic tests were used to compare the thermal conductivities of the nanofluids. It was shown that thermal conductivity can be enhanced by up to 70% for copper nanofluids. It was also demonstrated that for a given particle concentration, copper nanofluids are superior in thermal conductivity compared to iron nanofluids. ©2009 American Institute of Physics
History: Received 14 April 2009; accepted 16 August 2009; published 21 September 2009
Permalink: http://link.aip.org/link/?JAPIAU/106/064307/1
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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords
PACS
  • 73.63.Bd
    Nanocrystalline materials (electronic transport)
  • 81.16.-c
    Methods of nanofabrication and processing
  • 78.20.Ci
    Optical constants
  • 62.60.+v
    Acoustical properties of liquids
  • 72.15.Cz
    Electrical and thermal conduction in amorphous and liquid metals and alloys
  • 78.67.Bf
    Optical properties of nanocrystals and nanoparticles
  • YEAR: 2009

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PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN:
0021-8979 (print)   1089-7550 (online)
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