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Phonon dynamics of Zn(Mg,Cd)O alloy nanostructures and their phase segregation

J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084306 (2009); doi:10.1063/1.3243341

Published 21 October 2009

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Manoranjan Ghosh,1,3 Nita Dilawar,2 A. K. Bandyopadhyay,2 and A. K. Raychaudhuri1
1DST Unit for Nanoscience, S.N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector 3, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700 098, India
2Pressure Standards and Pressure Physics, National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi 110012, India
3Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400072, India
In this paper we report phonon dynamics in chemically synthesized Zn1−xMgxO (0<=x<=0.07) and Zn1−yCdyO (0<=y<=0.03) alloy nanostructures of sizes ~10  nm using nonresonant Raman and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Substitution by Mg makes the unit cell compact while Cd substitution leads to unit cell expansion. On alloying, both A1 (LO) and E1 (LO) mode of wurtzite ZnO show blueshift for Zn1−xMgxO and redshift for Zn1−yCdyO alloy nanostructures due to mass defect and volume change induced by the impurity atoms. Significant shift has been observed in E1 (LO) mode for Zn1−xMgxO (73  cm−1 for x=0.07) and Zn1−yCdyO (17  cm−1 for y=0.03) nanostructures. The variation in Zn(Mg,Cd)–O bond length determined from the blue- (red-) shift of IR bands on alloying with Mg (Cd) is consistent with their respective ionic sizes and the structural changes predicted by x-ray diffraction study. However, on progressive alloying one can detect phase segregation (due to presence of interstitial Mg and Cd ions) in the alloy nanostructures for relatively higher Mg and Cd concentrations. This is confirmed by the gradual absence of the characteristic IR and Raman bands of wurtzite ZnO near 400–600  cm−1 as well as by x-ray and TEM studies. ©2009 American Institute of Physics
History: Received 13 August 2009; accepted 9 September 2009; published 21 October 2009
Permalink: http://link.aip.org/link/?JAPIAU/106/084306/1
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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords
PACS
  • 63.22.-m
    Phonons or vibrational states in low-dimensional structures and nanoscale materials
  • 64.75.Jk
    Phase separation and segregation in nanoscale systems
  • 61.46.-w
    Structure of nanoscale materials
  • 81.16.Be
    Chemical synthesis methods in nanofabrication and processing
  • 61.72.jj
    Interstitials
  • 61.72.sd
    Impurity concentration in crystals
  • 78.30.Fs
    Infrared and Raman spectra in III-V and II-VI semiconductors
  • 78.67.Bf
    Optical properties of nanocrystals and nanoparticles
  • YEAR: 2009

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PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN:
0021-8979 (print)   1089-7550 (online)
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