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Spectrally narrowed edge emission from leaky waveguide modes in organic light-emitting diodes

J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094502 (2009); doi:10.1063/1.3253582

Published 3 November 2009

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Zhengqing Gan,1 Yun Tian,1 David W. Lynch,1 Ji-hun Kang,2 Q-Han Park,2 and Joseph Shinar1
1Department of Physics and Astronomy and Ames Laboratory-USDOE, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
2Department of Physics, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea
A dramatic spectral line narrowing of the edge emission at room temperature from tris(quinolinolate) Al (Alq3), N,N[prime]-diphenyl-N,N[prime]-bis(1-naphthylphenyl)-1,1[prime]-biphenyl-4,4[prime]-diamine (NPD), 4,4[prime]-bis(2,2[prime]-diphenyl-vinyl)-,1[prime]-biphenyl (DPVBi), and some guest-host small molecular organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass, is described. In all but the DPVBi OLEDs, the narrowed emission band emerges above a threshold thickness of the emitting layer, and narrows down to a full width at half maximum of only 5–10 nm. The results demonstrate that this narrowed emission is due to irregular waveguide modes that leak from the ITO to the glass substrate at a grazing angle. While measurements of variable stripe length l devices exhibit an apparent weak optical gain 0<=g<=1.86  cm−1, there is no observable threshold current or bias associated with this spectral narrowing. In addition, in the phosphorescent guest-host OLEDs, there is no decrease in the emission decay time of the narrowed edge emission relative to the broad surface emission. It is suspected that the apparent weak optical gain is due to misalignment of the axis of the waveguided mode and the axis of the collection lens of the probe. However, it is not clear if such a misalignment can account for all the effects of the observed evolution of the edge-emission spectra with l. ©2009 American Institute of Physics
History: Received 2 March 2009; accepted 24 September 2009; published 3 November 2009
Permalink: http://link.aip.org/link/?JAPIAU/106/094502/1
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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords
PACS
  • 85.60.Jb
    Light-emitting devices
  • 42.82.Et
    Optical waveguides, couplers, and arrays (integrated optics)
  • 42.79.Gn
    Optical waveguides and couplers
  • 42.79.Bh
    Optical lenses, prisms and mirrors
  • 85.65.+h
    Molecular electronic devices
  • YEAR: 2009

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN:
0021-8979 (print)   1089-7550 (online)
Publisher:
AIP is a member of CrossRef AIP

REFERENCES (27)
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