Journal of Chemical Physics
Feedback | Help | Exit
The Journal of Chemical Physics
Search:
   
 
 
 
Previous Article
Direct observation of time-dependent photoluminescence spectral shift in CdS nanoparticles synthesized in polymer solutions
Direct observation of time-resolved emission spectra (TRESs) of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles in polymer solutions was carried out with picosecond resolution using a streak camera. The TRESs were foun...
Next Article
Evaluating the transferability of coarse-grained, density-dependent implicit solvent models to mixtures and chains
Previously, we described a coarse-graining method for creating local density-dependent implicit solvent (DDIS) potentials that reproduce the radial distribution function (RDF) and solute excess chemic...

Characterization of anisotropic poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel by small- and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering

J. Chem. Phys. 130, 034903 (2009); doi:10.1063/1.3050096

Published 20 January 2009

You are not logged in to this journal. Log in

Stephen D. Hudson,1 Jeffrey L. Hutter,1 Mu-Ping Nieh,2 Jeremy Pencer,2 Leonardo E. Millon,3 and Wankei Wan3
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
2Canadian Neutron Beam Centre, National Research Council Canada, Chalk River, Ontario K0J 1J0, Canada
3Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels are formed from PVA solution when physical cross-links form during freeze/thaw cycling. By applying a stress during the freeze/thaw process, PVA hydrogels with anisotropic mechanical properties are produced. We have used small- and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering to study the structure at length scales of 2 nm to 10  µm. By supplementing the neutron data with data from atomic force microscopy, we have probed a large range of length scales within which structural changes responsible for bulk anisotropy occur. We model the gel as interconnected PVA blobs of size 20–50 nm arranged in fractal aggregates extending to micrometers or tens of micrometers. Bulk mechanical anisotropy appears to be due to the alignment of blobs and connections between blobs. This information is essential for tailoring mechanical properties for applications where anisotropy is desirable such as to match the properties of natural tissue in coronary grafts and to control diffusive properties in active wound dressings. ©2009 American Institute of Physics
History: Received 22 August 2008; accepted 17 November 2008; published 20 January 2009
Permalink: http://link.aip.org/link/?JCPSA6/130/034903/1
BUY THIS ARTICLE   (US$24)
Download HTML Download Sectioned HTML Download PDF (692 kB) View Cart

KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords
PACS
  • 61.25.he
    Structure of polymer solutions
  • 62.10.+s
    Mechanical properties of liquids
  • YEAR: 2009

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN:
0021-9606 (print)   1089-7690 (online)
Publisher:
AIP is a member of CrossRef AIP

REFERENCES (31)
View in Separate Window/Tab
For access to fully linked references, you need to log in. For access to fully linked references, you need to Log in.
  1. C. M. Hassan and N. A. Peppas, Adv. Polym. Sci. 153, 37 (2000).
  2. W. K. Wan, G. Campbell, Z. F. Zhang, A. J. Hui, and D. R. Boughner, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 63, 854 (2002).
  3. G. Paradossi, F. Cavalieri, E. Chiessi, C. Spagnoli, and M. K. Cowman, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med. 14, 687 (2003).
  4. L. E. Millon, H. Mohammadi, and W. K. Wan, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 79, 305 (2006).
  5. L. E. Millon, M. -P. Nieh, J. L. Hutter, and W. Wan, Macromolecules 40, 3655 (2007).
  6. H. Haruguchi and S. Teraoka, J. Artif. Organs 6, 227 (2003).
  7. S. T. Rashid, H. J. Salacinski, B. J. Fuller, G. Hamilton, and A. M. Seifalian, Cell Proliferat. 37, 351 (2004).
  8. N. A. Peppas, Makromol. Chem. 176, 3433 (1975).
  9. Y. Mori, H. Tokura, and M. Yoshikawa, J. Mater. Sci. 32, 491 (1997).
  10. P. J. Willcox, J. D. W. Howie, K. Schmidt-Rohr, D. A. Hoagland, S. P. Gido, S. Pudjijanto, L. W. Kleiner, and S. Ventatraman, J. Polym. Sci. Pol. Phys. 37, 3438 (1999).
  11. C. J. Glinka, J. G. Barker, B. Hammouda, S. Krueger, J. J. Moyer, and W. J. Orts, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 31, 430 (1998).
  12. D. F. R. Mildner, B. Hammouda, and S. R. Kline, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 38, 979 (2005).
  13. J. G. Barker, C. J. Glinka, J. J. Moyer, M. H. Kim, A. R. Drews, and M. Agamalian, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 38, 1004 (2005).
  14. S. R. Kline, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 39, 895 (2006).
  15. J. A. Lake, Acta Crystallogr. 23, 191 (1967).
  16. P. -G. de Gennes, Scaling Concepts in Polymer Physics (Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 1979).
  17. R. Ricciardi, G. Mangiapia, F. Lo Celso, L. Paduano, R. Triolo, F. Auriemma, C. De Rosa, and F. Lauprêtre, Chem. Mater. 17, 1183 (2005).
  18. F. Auriemma, C. De Rosa, and R. Triolo, Macromolecules 39, 9429 (2006).
  19. S. Mallam, A. -M. Hecht, and E. Geissler, J. Chem. Phys. 91, 6447 (1989).
  20. E. Geissler, F. Horkay, and A. -M. Hecht, Macromolecules 24, 6006 (1991).
  21. F. Horkay, A. -M. Hecht, S. Mallam, E. Geissler, and A. R. Rennie, Macromolecules 24, 2896 (1991).
  22. E. Geissler, F. Horkay, and A. -H. Hecht, Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 645 (1993).
  23. F. Horkay, A. -M. Hecht, and E. Geissler, Macromolecules 27, 1795 (1994).
  24. S. Mallam, F. Horkay, A. -M. Hecht, A. R. Rennie, and E. Geissler, Macromolecules 24, 543 (1991).
  25. P. Debye, H. R. Anderson, Jr., and H. Brumberger, J. Appl. Phys. 28, 679 (1957).
  26. A. Emmerling, R. Petricevic, A. Beck, P. Wang, H. Scheller, and J. Fricke, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 185, 240 (1995).
  27. M. Shibayama, H. Kurokawa, S. Nomura, M. Muthukumar, R. S. Stein, and S. Roy, Polymer 33, 2883 (1992).
  28. S. -H. Chen and J. Teixeira, Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 2583 (1986).
  29. R. Ricciardi, F. Auriemma, C. De Rosa, and F. Lauprêtre, Macromolecules 37, 1921 (2004).
  30. F. Fergg, F. J. Keil, and H. Quader, Colloid Polym. Sci. 279, 61 (2001).
  31. F. Yokoyama, I. Masada, K. Shimamura, T. Ikawa, and K. Monobe, Colloid Polym. Sci. 264, 595 (1986).

CITING ARTICLES
For access to citing articles, you need to log in.
For access to citing articles, you need to Log in.


Copyright © American Institute of Physics