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Characterization of anisotropic poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel by small- and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering

J. Chem. Phys. 130, 034903 (2009); doi:10.1063/1.3050096

Published 20 January 2009

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Stephen D. Hudson,1 Jeffrey L. Hutter,1 Mu-Ping Nieh,2 Jeremy Pencer,2 Leonardo E. Millon,3 and Wankei Wan3
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
2Canadian Neutron Beam Centre, National Research Council Canada, Chalk River, Ontario K0J 1J0, Canada
3Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B9, Canada
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels are formed from PVA solution when physical cross-links form during freeze/thaw cycling. By applying a stress during the freeze/thaw process, PVA hydrogels with anisotropic mechanical properties are produced. We have used small- and ultra-small-angle neutron scattering to study the structure at length scales of 2 nm to 10  µm. By supplementing the neutron data with data from atomic force microscopy, we have probed a large range of length scales within which structural changes responsible for bulk anisotropy occur. We model the gel as interconnected PVA blobs of size 20–50 nm arranged in fractal aggregates extending to micrometers or tens of micrometers. Bulk mechanical anisotropy appears to be due to the alignment of blobs and connections between blobs. This information is essential for tailoring mechanical properties for applications where anisotropy is desirable such as to match the properties of natural tissue in coronary grafts and to control diffusive properties in active wound dressings. ©2009 American Institute of Physics
History: Received 22 August 2008; accepted 17 November 2008; published 20 January 2009
Permalink: http://link.aip.org/link/?JCPSA6/130/034903/1
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KEYWORDS and PACS

Keywords
PACS
  • 61.25.he
    Structure of polymer solutions
  • 62.10.+s
    Mechanical properties of liquids
  • YEAR: 2009

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN:
0021-9606 (print)   1089-7690 (online)
Publisher:
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