Colloidal-Crystal-Templated Synthesis of Ordered Macroporous Electrode Materials for Lithium Secondary Batteries

J. Electrochem. Soc., Volume 150, Issue 8, pp. A1102-A1107 (2003)

(Published June 24, 2003)

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ABSTRACT

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CITING ARTICLES

Hongwei Yan,^a Sergey Sokolov,^a Justin C. Lytle,^a Andreas Stein,^a Fan Zhang,^b and William H. Smyrl^b
^aDepartment of Chemistry
^bDepartment of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA

Thispaper presents a general method of preparing three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM) electrode materials, including both cathode materials (V₂O₅ and LiNiO₂)and an anode material (SnO₂). The method is based ontemplated precipitation of inorganic precursors within a colloidal crystal ofpoly(methyl methacrylate) spheres and subsequent chemical conversion. 3DOM electrodes possessseveral features of interest in the design of novel batterymaterials, such as high accessible surface areas, continuous networks, andstructural features on the nanometer scale. Optimal synthesis conditions andstructural features of 3DOM electrode materials are described on thebasis of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, andchemical analysis. ©2003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.