Positive and negative effective mass of classical particles in oscillatory and static fields

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I. Y. Dodin and N. J. Fisch
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA

Received 27 November 2007; published 7 March 2008

Aclassical particle oscillating in an arbitrary high-frequency or static fieldeffectively exhibits a modified rest mass m_eff derived from theparticle averaged Lagrangian. Relativistic ponderomotive and diamagnetic forces, as wellas magnetic drifts, are obtained from the m_eff dependence onthe guiding center location and velocity. The effective mass isnot necessarily positive and can result in backward acceleration whenan additional perturbation force is applied. As an example, adiabaticdynamics with m>0 and m<0 is demonstrated for a wave-drivenparticle along a dc magnetic field, m being the effectivelongitudinal mass derived from m_eff. Multiple energy states are realizedin this case, yielding up to three branches of mfor a given magnetic moment and parallel velocity.

URL:	http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.77.036402
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevE.77.036402
PACS:	52.35.Mw; 45.50.-j; 45.20.Jj; 52.27.Ny 52.35.Mw Nonlinear phenomena: plasma waves, wave propagation and other interactions 45.50.-j Dynamics and kinematics of a particle and a system of particles 45.20.Jj Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics 52.27.Ny Relativistic plasmas YEAR: 2008
KEYWORDS:	magnetic forces, magnetostatics

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Phys. Rev. E 77, 036402 (2008) [10 pages]

Positive and negative effective mass of classical particles in oscillatory and static fields

REFERENCES (106)

CITING ARTICLES

A new free weekly publication from APS