Dynamics of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers in the short external cavity regime: Pulse packages and polarization mode competition

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Andrzej Tabaka,¹ Michael Peil,² Marc Sciamanna,³ Ingo Fischer,^1,2 Wolfgang Elsäßer,² Hugo Thienpont,¹ Irina Veretennicoff,¹ and Krassimir Panajotov¹
¹Department of Applied Physics and Photonics (TW-TONA), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
²Institute of Applied Physics, Darmstadt University of Technology, Schloßgartenstraße 7, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
³Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes (LMOPS), CNRS UMR-7132, Supélec, 2 Rue Edouard Belin, F-57070 Metz, France

Received 8 July 2005; revised 26 September 2005; published 10 January 2006

Westudy the influence of delayed optical feedback from a shortexternal cavity (EC) on the emission dynamics of vertical-cavity surface-emittingsemiconductor lasers (VCSELs). We find the emergence of pulse packages(PP) exhibiting characteristics which originate from the interplay of time-delayinduced dynamics and polarization mode (PM) competition. We provide detailedanalysis of the polarization dynamics applying complementary cross-correlation and spectralanalysis techniques. The analysis reveals an interplay of the dynamicslinked to the hierarchy of time scales present in thelaser system: the fast time scale of the EC delay,the slower time scale of the PP, and the slowtime scale of the polarization mode competition. For an analysisof the dynamics we provide a toolbox of methods adaptedto the different relevant time scales and temporal variations ofthe dynamics. This complementary view unveils distinct changes in therelative oscillation phase of the two PM for increasing theinjection current on both the fast and the slow timescales. Our results emphasize the significance of the polarization modecompetition for PP dynamics in VCSELs, contrasting the observed behaviorto what was reported for edge emitters.

URL:	http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.73.013810
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevA.73.013810
PACS:	42.65.Sf; 05.45.Jn; 42.55.Px 42.65.Sf Dynamics of nonlinear optical systems including optical instabilities, optical chaos and complexity, and optical spatio–temporal dynamics 05.45.Jn High-dimensional chaos 42.55.Px Semiconductor lasers; laser diodes YEAR: 2006
KEYWORDS:	surface emitting lasers, semiconductor lasers, laser feedback, spectral analysis, oscillations

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