Spatial separation of large dynamical blueshift and harmonic generation

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Mette B. Gaarde and Mitsuko Murakami
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-4001, USA

Reinhard Kienberger
Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Garching, D-85748 Germany

Received 26 April 2006; published 2 November 2006

Westudy the temporal and spatial dynamics of the large amplitudeand frequency modulation that can be induced in an intense,few cycle laser pulse as it propagates through a rapidlyionizing gas. Our calculations include both single atom and macroscopicinteractions between the nonlinear medium and the laser field. Weanalyze the harmonic generation by such pulses and show thatit is spatially separated from the ionization dynamics which producea large dynamical blueshift of the laser pulse. This meansthat small changes in the initial laser focusing conditions canlead to large differences in the laser frequency modulation, eventhough the generated harmonic spectrum remains essentially unchanged. We alsoshow that the ionization dynamics strongly influences the possibility ofsynthesizing isolated attosecond pulses.

URL:	http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevA.74.053401
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevA.74.053401
PACS:	32.80.Wr; 42.65.Re; 42.65.Jx; 42.65.Ky 32.80.Wr Other multiphoton processes in atoms 42.65.Re Ultrafast processes; optical pulse generation and pulse compression 42.65.Jx Optical beam trapping, optical self-focusing and defocusing; self-phase modulation 42.65.Ky Optical frequency conversion; optical harmonic generation, including higher-order harmonic generation YEAR: 2006
KEYWORDS:	photoionisation, atom-photon collisions, spectral line shift, optical harmonic generation, optical focusing

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