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Phys. Rev. B 73, 085401 (2006) [9 pages]

Thermally assisted atom transfer on surfaces

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J. W. Gadzuk
Electron Physics Group, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8412, USA

Received 5 August 2005; accepted 22 November 2005; published 1 February 2006

Thelow-temperature rates for site-to-site transfer of single atoms and moleculesadsorbed on surfaces have been determined in recent scanning tunnelingmicroscopy (STM) studies within the temperature regime where the dominanttransfer mechanism changes from mostly activated transmission over to thermallyassisted tunneling through the intersite (transition-state) barrier as the temperatureis reduced. A model that has provided useful conceptual andquantitative insights into thermally assisted field emission of electrons isused here as the basis for a theory of site-to-siteatom transfer in this temperature range where proper account ofatomic tunneling and quantum reflection, for energies below and abovethe transition state barrier, is required. The predicted transfer rates,which are very sensitive to barrier shape as well asheight, agree well with those observed in the STM studiesof Co and Cu on Cu(111) surfaces in the interesting4 KT7 K transition range which is relevant in the atom-by-atom fabricationof thermally stable surface nanostructures.

URL:	http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.73.085401
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevB.73.085401
PACS:	68.43.Jk; 68.43.Pq; 68.37.Ef 68.43.Jk Diffusion of adsorbates, kinetics of coarsening and aggregation 68.43.Pq Adsorbate vibrations 68.37.Ef Scanning tunneling microscopy of surfaces, interfaces and thin films including chemistry induced with STM YEAR: 2006
KEYWORDS:	cobalt, copper, scanning tunnelling microscopy, electron field emission, tunnelling, surface structure

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