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Phys. Rev. B 77, 184516 (2008) [12 pages]

Anomalous superconductivity and its competition with antiferromagnetism in doped Mott insulators

S. S. Kancharla,1 B. Kyung,1 D. Sénéchal,1 M. Civelli,2,3 M. Capone,4 G. Kotliar,2 and A.-M. S. Tremblay1
1Département de Physique and Regroupement Québécois sur les Matériaux de Pointe, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1K 2R1
2Department of Physics and Center for Materials Theory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
3Theory Group, Insititut Laue Langevin, Grenoble, France
4SMC, CNR-INFM, and Physics Department, University of Roma “La Sapienza,” Piazzale A. Moro 2, I-00185 Rome, Italy and ISC-CNR, Via dei Taurini 19, I-00185 Rome, Italy

Received 9 August 2005; revised 19 December 2007; published 23 May 2008

Proximity to a Mott insulating phase is likely to be an important physical ingredient of a theory that aims to describe high-temperature superconductivity in the cuprates. Quantum cluster methods are well suited to describe the Mott phase. Hence, as a step toward a quantitative theory of the competition between antiferromagnetism and d-wave superconductivity in the cuprates, we use cellular dynamical mean-field theory to compute zero-temperature properties of the two-dimensional square lattice Hubbard model. The d-wave order parameter is found to scale like the superexchange coupling J for on-site interaction U comparable to or larger than the bandwidth. The order parameter also assumes a dome shape as a function of doping, while, by contrast, the gap in the single-particle density of states decreases monotonically with increasing doping. In the presence of a finite second neighbor hopping t[prime], the zero-temperature phase diagram displays the electron-hole asymmetric competition between antiferromagnetism and superconductivity that is observed experimentally in the cuprates. Adding realistic third neighbor hopping t[double-prime] improves the overall agreement with the experimental phase diagram. Since band parameters can vary depending on the specific cuprate considered, the sensitivity of the theoretical phase diagram to band parameters challenges the commonly held assumption that the doping vs Tc/T<sub>c</sub><sup>max</sup> phase diagram of the cuprates is universal. The calculated angle-resolved photoemission spectrum displays the observed electron-hole asymmetry. The tendency to homogeneous coexistence of the superconducting and antiferromagnetic order parameters is stronger than observed in most experiments but consistent with many theoretical results and with experiments in some layered high-temperature superconductors. Clearly, our calculations reproduce important features of d-wave superconductivity in the cuprates that would otherwise be considered anomalous from the point of view of the standard Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer approach. At strong coupling, d-wave superconductivity and antiferromagnetism naturally appear as two equally important competing instabilities of the normal phase of the same underlying Hamiltonian.

©2008 The American Physical Society

URL: http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.77.184516
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.184516
PACS: 71.10.Fd; 71.35.-y; 72.80.Sk; 78.30.Am
  • 71.10.Fd
    Lattice fermion models (condensed matter)
  • 71.35.-y
    Excitons and related phenomena
  • 72.80.Sk
    Electrical conductivity of insulators
  • 78.30.Am
    Infrared and Raman spectra in elemental semiconductors and insulators
  • YEAR: 2008
KEYWORDS: antiferromagnetic materials, BCS theory, doping, d-wave superconductivity, high-temperature superconductors, hopping conduction, Hubbard model, localised states, magnetic superconductors, phase diagrams, photoelectron spectra, superexchange interactions

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