Squeezing Superfluid from a Stone: Coupling Superfluidity and Elasticity in a Supersolid

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Alan T. Dorsey,¹ Paul M. Goldbart,² and John Toner³
¹Department of Physics, University of Florida, P.O. Box 118440, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8440, USA
²Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
³Institute for Theoretical Science, Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA

Received 23 September 2005; published 7 February 2006

Startingfrom the assumption that the normal solid to supersolid (NS-SS)phase transition is continuous, we develop a phenomenological Landau theoryof the transition in which superfluidity is coupled to theelasticity of the crystalline ⁴He lattice. We find that theelasticity does not affect the universal properties of the superfluidtransition, so that in an unstressed crystal the well-known lambda anomaly in the heat capacity of the superfluid transition shouldalso appear at the NS-SS transition. We also find thatthe onset of supersolidity leads to anomalies in the elasticmoduli and thermal expansion coefficients near the transition and, conversely,that inhomogeneous lattice strains can induce local variations of thesuperfluid transition temperature, leading to a broadened transition.

URL:	http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.055301
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.055301
PACS:	67.80.-s; 64.60.-i; 67.40.-w 67.80.-s Solid helium and related quantum crystals 64.60.-i General studies of phase transitions 67.40.-w Boson degeneracy and superfluidity of ⁴He YEAR: 2006
KEYWORDS:	thermal expansion, elasticity, superfluid helium-4, superfluidity, elastic moduli, specific heat

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