System-Size Independence of Directed Flow Measured at the BNL Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider

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Shabetai,¹⁹ E. Shahaliev,¹³ M. Shao,⁴⁰ M. Sharma,⁵⁰ S. S. Shi,⁵¹ X-H. Shi,⁴¹ E. P. Sichtermann,²⁴ F. Simon,²⁶ R. N. Singaraju,⁴⁷ M. J. Skoby,³⁵ N. Smirnov,⁵² R. Snellings,³⁰ P. Sorensen,³ J. Sowinski,¹⁸ H. M. Spinka,¹ B. Srivastava,³⁵ A. Stadnik,¹³ T. D. S. Stanislaus,⁴⁶ D. Staszak,⁷ R. Stock,¹⁵ M. Strikhanov,²⁸ B. Stringfellow,³⁵ A. A. P. Suaide,³⁹ M. C. Suarez,¹⁰ N. L. Subba,²¹ M. Sumbera,¹² X. M. Sun,²⁴ Y. Sun,⁴⁰ Z. Sun,²³ B. Surrow,²⁵ T. J. M. Symons,²⁴ A. Szanto de Toledo,³⁹ J. Takahashi,⁸ A. H. Tang,³ Z. Tang,⁴⁰ T. Tarnowsky,³⁵ D. Thein,⁴⁴ J. H. Thomas,²⁴ J. Tian,⁴¹ A. R. Timmins,² S. Timoshenko,²⁸ M. Tokarev,¹³ T. A. Trainor,⁴⁹ V. N. Tram,²⁴ A. L. Trattner,⁵ S. Trentalange,⁷ R. E. Tribble,⁴³ O. D. Tsai,⁷ J. Ulery,³⁵ T. Ullrich,³ D. G. Underwood,¹ G. Van Buren,³ N. van der Kolk,³⁰ M. van Leeuwen,³⁰ A. M. Vander Molen,²⁷ R. Varma,¹⁷ G. M. S. Vasconcelos,⁸ I. M. Vasilevski,¹⁴ A. N. Vasiliev,³⁴ F. Videbaek,³ S. E. Vigdor,¹⁸ Y. P. Viyogi,¹⁶ S. Vokal,¹³ S. A. Voloshin,⁵⁰ M. Wada,⁴⁴ W. T. Waggoner,¹¹ F. Wang,³⁵ G. Wang,⁷ J. S. Wang,²³ Q. Wang,³⁵ X. Wang,⁴⁵ X. L. Wang,⁴⁰ Y. Wang,⁴⁵ J. C. Webb,⁴⁶ G. D. Westfall,²⁷ C. Whitten, Jr.,⁷ H. Wieman,²⁴ S. W. Wissink,¹⁸ R. Witt,⁵² J. Wu,⁴⁰ Y. Wu,⁵¹ N. Xu,²⁴ Q. H. Xu,²⁴ Y. Xu,⁴⁰ Z. Xu,³ Y. Y. Yang,²³ P. Yepes,³⁸ I-K. Yoo,³⁶ Q. Yue,⁴⁵ M. Zawisza,⁴⁸ H. Zbroszczyk,⁴⁸ W. Zhan,²³ H. Zhang,³ S. Zhang,⁴¹ W. M. Zhang,²¹ Y. Zhang,⁴⁰ Z. P. Zhang,⁴⁰ Y. Zhao,⁴⁰ C. Zhong,⁴¹ J. Zhou,³⁸ R. Zoulkarneev,¹⁴ Y. Zoulkarneeva,¹⁴ and J. X. Zuo⁴¹

(STAR Collaboration)

¹Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
²University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
³Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
⁴California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
⁵University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
⁶University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
⁷University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
⁸Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
⁹Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
¹⁰University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
¹¹Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
¹²Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, 250 68 Řež/Prague, Czech Republic
¹³Laboratory for High Energy (JINR), Dubna, Russia
¹⁴Particle Physics Laboratory (JINR), Dubna, Russia
¹⁵University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
¹⁶Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
¹⁷Indian Institute of Technology, Mumbai, India
¹⁸Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
¹⁹Institut de Recherches Subatomiques, Strasbourg, France
²⁰University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
²¹Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
²²University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0055, USA
²³Institute of Modern Physics, Lanzhou, China
²⁴Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
²⁵Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
²⁶Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich, Germany
²⁷Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
²⁸Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow Russia
²⁹City College of New York, New York City, New York 10031, USA
³⁰NIKHEF and Utrecht University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
³¹Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
³²Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
³³Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
³⁴Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia
³⁵Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
³⁶Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
³⁷University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302004, India
³⁸Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
³⁹Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
⁴⁰University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
⁴¹Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Shanghai 201800, China
⁴²SUBATECH, Nantes, France
⁴³Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
⁴⁴University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
⁴⁵Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
⁴⁶Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
⁴⁷Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
⁴⁸Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
⁴⁹University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
⁵⁰Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
⁵¹Institute of Particle Physics, CCNU (HZNU), Wuhan 430079, China
⁵²Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
⁵³University of Zagreb, Zagreb, HR-10002, Croatia

Received 10 July 2008; published 16 December 2008

Wemeasure directed flow (v₁) for charged particles in Au+Au andCu+Cu collisions at sqrt(s[sub NN]) =200 and 62.4 GeV, as a function ofpseudorapidity ( eta ), transverse momentum (p_t), and collision centrality, based ondata from the STAR experiment. We find that the directedflow depends on the incident energy but, contrary to allavailable model implementations, not on the size of the collidingsystem at a given centrality. We extend the validity ofthe limiting fragmentation concept to v₁ in different collision systems,and investigate possible explanations for the observed sign change inv₁(p_t).

URL:	http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.252301
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.252301
PACS:	25.75.Ld 25.75.Ld Collective flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions YEAR: 2008

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