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Phys. Rev. D 74, 064021 (2006) [8 pages]

Late acceleration and w=-1 crossing in induced gravity

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Pantelis S. Apostolopoulos¹ and Nikolaos Tetradis²
¹Departament de Física, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Cra. Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
²University of Athens, Department of Physics, University Campus, Zographou 157 84, Athens, Greece

Received 18 April 2006; published 19 September 2006

Westudy the cosmological evolution on a brane with induced gravitywithin a bulk with arbitrary matter content. We consider aFriedmann-Robertson-Walker brane, invariantly characterized by a six-dimensional group of isometries.We derive the effective Friedmann and Raychaudhuri equations. We showthat the Hubble expansion rate on the brane depends onthe covariantly defined integrated mass in the bulk, which determinesthe energy density of the generalized dark radiation. The Friedmannequation has two branches, distinguished by the two possible valuesof the parameter epsilon=±1. The branch with epsilon=1 is characterizedby an effective cosmological constant and accelerated expansion for lowenergy densities. Another remarkable feature is that the contribution fromthe generalized dark radiation appears with a negative sign. Asa result, the presence of the bulk corresponds to aneffective negative energy density on the brane, without violation ofthe weak energy condition. The transition from a period ofdomination of the matter energy density by nonrelativistic brane matterto domination by the generalized dark radiation corresponds to acrossing of the phantom divide w=-1.

©2006 The American Physical Society

URL:	http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.74.064021
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevD.74.064021
PACS:	04.50.+h; 11.25.Mj 04.50.+h Gravity in more than four dimensions, Kaluza–Klein theory, unified field theories; alternative theories of gravity 11.25.Mj Compactification and four-dimensional string models YEAR: 2006

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