Quartz crystal microbalance-based system for high-sensitivity differential sputter yield measurements
Rev. Sci. Instrum. 80, 103506 (2009); doi:10.1063/1.3249560
Published 26 October 2009
You are not logged in to this journal. Log in
We present a quartz crystal microbalance-based system for high sensitivity differential sputter yield measurements of different target materials due to ion bombardment. The differential sputter yields can be integrated to find total yields. Possible ion beam conditions include ion energies in the range of 30–350 eV and incidence angles of 0°–70° from normal. A four-grid ion optics system is used to achieve a collimated ion beam at low energy (<100 eV) and a two-grid ion optics is used for higher energies (up to 750 eV). A complementary weight loss approach is also used to measure total sputter yields. Validation experiments are presented that confirm high sensitivity and accuracy of sputter yield measurements.
©2009 American Institute of Physics
| History: | Received 22 May 2009; accepted 24 September 2009; published 26 October 2009 |
| Permalink: |
http://link.aip.org/link/?RSINAK/80/103506/1 |
REFERENCES (58)
For access to fully linked references, you need to log in.
For access to fully linked references, you need to Log in.
- G. Betz and K. Wien,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Process. 140, 1 (1994) . - M. A. Vyvoda, C. F. Abrams, and D. B. Grave,
IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 27, 1433 (1999) . - M. Tartz, H. Neumann, B. Fritsche, H. Leiter, and J. Esch, Proceedings of the 40th Joint Propulsion Conference, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 2004 (unpublished).
- R. D. Kolasinski, Proceedings of the 41st Joint Propulsion Conference, Tucson, AZ, 2005 (unpublished).
- R. D. Kolasinski, J. E. Polk, D. Goebel, and L. J. Johnson, Proceedings of the 42nd Joint Propulsion Conference, Sacramento, CA, 2006 (unpublished).
- K. A. Zoerb, J. D. Williams, D. D. Williams, and A. P. Yalin, Proceedings of the 29th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Princeton, NJ, 2005 (unpublished).
- A. P. Yalin, J. D. Williams, V. Surla, J. Wolf, and K. A. Zoerb, Proceedings of the 42nd Joint Propulsion Conference, Sacramento, CA, 2006 (unpublished).
- A. P. Yalin, J. D. Williams, V. Surla, and K. A. Zoerb,
J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 40, 3194 (2007) . - J. E. Polk, J. R. Anderson, and J. R. Brophy, V. K. Rawlin, M. J. Patterson, J. Sovey, and J. Hamley, Proceedings of the 35th Joint Propulsion Conference, Los Angeles, CA, 1999 (unpublished).
- A. P. Yalin, B. Rubin, S. R. Domingue, Z. Glueckert, and J. D. Williams, Proceedings of the 43rd Joint Propulsion Conference, Cincinnati, OH, 2007 (unpublished).
- B. Rubin, J. L. Topper, and A. P. Yalin, Proceedings of the 30th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Florence, Italy, 2007 (unpublished).
- J. L. Topper, B. Rubin, C. C. Farnell, and A. P. Yalin, Proceedings of the 44th Joint Propulsion Conference, Hartford, CT, 2008 (unpublished).
- S. Cheng, M.S. thesis, “Computational Modeling of a Hall Thruster Plasma Plume in a Vacuum Tank,” Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002.
- J. Yim, Ph.D. thesis, “Computational Modeling of Hall Thruster Channel Wall Erosion,” University of Michigan, 2008.
- A. P. Yalin, V. Surla, C. Farnell, M. Butweiller, and J. D. Williams, Proceedings of the 42nd Joint Propulsion Conference, Sacramento, CA, 2006 (unpublished).
- J. Ustarroz, I. Caro, P. Corengia, I. Garmendia, J. Marcos, E. Ahedo, and J. González del Amo, Proceedings of the 30th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Florence, Italy, 2007 (unpublished).
- P. C. Smith and D. N. Ruzic,
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 17, 3443 (1999) . - D. McKeown, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 32, 133 (1961).
- G. Hayderer, M. Schmid, P. Varga, H. P. Winter, and F. Aumayr, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70, 3696 (1999).
- R. P. Doerner, D. G. Whyte, and D. M. Goebel, J. Appl. Phys. 93, 5816 (2003).
- H. Tsuge and S. Esho, J. Appl. Phys. 52, 4391 (1981).
- S. Kundu, D. Ghose, D. Basu, and S. B. Karmohapatro,
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 12, 352 (1985) . - G. K. Wehner and D. Rosenberg, J. Appl. Phys. 31, 177 (1960).
- G. S. Anderson, J. Appl. Phys. 34, 659 (1963).
- J. -K. Lee, G. -R. Lee, J. -H. Min, and S. H. Moon,
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 24, 1807 (2006) . - C. Verdeil, T. Wirtz, H. -N. Migeon, and H. Scherrer,
Appl. Surf. Sci. 255, 870 (2008) . - V. Shutthanandan, P. Ray, N. Shivaparan, R. Smith, T. Thevuthasan, and M. Mantenieks, Proceedings of the 25th International Electric Propulsion Conference, OH, 1997 (unpublished).
- M. Mantenieks, J. Foster, P. Ray, S. Shutthanandan, and T. Thevuthasan, Proceedings of the 28th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Pasadena, CA, 2001 (unpublished).
- J. N. Smith,
IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 26, 1292 (1979) . - T. Aoyama, M. Tanemura, and F. Okuyama,
Appl. Surf. Sci. 100–101, 351 (1996) . - M. Mannami, K. Kimura, and A. Kyoshima,
Nucl. Instrum. Methods 185, 533 (1981) . - C. E. Wickersham and Z. Zhang,
J. Electron. Mater. 34, 1474 (2005) . - K. Van Aeken, S. Mahieu, and D. Depla,
J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41, 205307 (2008) . - A. Wucher, M. Watgen, C. Mobner, H. Oechsner, and B. J. Garrison,
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 67, 531 (1992) . - J. H. Yu. Oyarzabal, R. P. Doerner, G. R. Tynan, and K. Schmid, J. Appl. Phys. 100, 063301 (2006).
- E. Oyarzabal, R. P. Doerner, M. Shimada, and G. R. Tynan, J. Appl. Phys. 104, 043305 (2008).
- T. J. Whitaker, P. L. Jones, A. Li, and R. O. Watts, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 64, 452 (1993).
- V. Surla and A. P. Yalin,
Appl. Opt. 46, 3987 (2007) . - A. P. Yalin, L. Tao, N. Yamamoto, T. Smith, and A. Gallimore, Proceedings of the 30th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Florence, Italy, 2007 (unpublished).
- E. Franke, H. Neuman, M. Zeuner, W. Frank, and F. Bigl,
Surf. Coat. Technol. 97, 90 (1997) . - C. Doughty, S. M. Gorbatkin, and L. A. Berry, J. Appl. Phys. 82, 1868 (1997).
- R. R. Olson, M. E. King, and G. K. Wehner, J. Appl. Phys. 50, 3677 (1979).
- Z. L. Zhang and L. Zhang,
Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids 159, 301 (2004) . - C. Farnell, “Performance and Lifetime Simulation of Ion Thruster Optics,” Ph.D. thesis, Colorado State University, 2007.
- B. Rubin, J. Williams, C. Farnell, J. Vaughn, T. Schneider, and D. Ferguson,
Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 18, 025015 (2009) . - J. Zhang, S. Bhattacharjee, V. Shutthanandan, and P. K. Ray,
J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A15, 243 (1997) . - E. Nikiporetz, A. Semenov, I. Shkarban, and E. Khartova, Proceedings of the 30th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Florence, Italy, 2007 (unpublished).
- L. Bachmann and J. J. Shin, J. Appl. Phys. 37, 242 (1966).
- C. -S. Lu and O. Lewis, J. Appl. Phys. 43, 4385 (1972).
- P. Sigmund,
Phys. Rev. 184, 383 (1969) . - T. K. Chini, M. Tanemura, and F. Okuyama,
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 119, 387 (1996) . - Y. Yamamura and K. Muraoka,
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 42, 175 (1989) . - Y. Yamamura,
Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids 55, 49 (1981) . - Y. Yamamura,
Nucl. Instrum. Methods 194, 515 (1982) . - L. Zhang and Z. L. Zhang,
Radiat. Eff. Defects Solids 160, 337 (2005) . - Y. Yamamura and H. Tawara,
At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 62, 149 (1996) . - D. Rosenberg and G. K. Wehner, J. Appl. Phys. 33, 1842 (1962).
- Y. Yamamura, Y. Itikawa, and N. Itoh, “Angular Dependence of Sputtering Yields of Monatomic Solids,” IPPJ Report No. AM-26, 1983.







