By using SIAM Journals Online you agree to abide by the
Terms and Conditions of Use.

©  SIAM

 

SIAM Journal on Computing

Previous Article
Range-Efficient Counting of Distinct Elements in a Massive Data Stream
Efficient one-pass estimation of $F_0$, the number of distinct elements in a data stream, is a fundamental problem arising in various contexts in databases and networking. We consider range-efficient...
Next Article
A $\frac32$-Approximation Algorithm for Scheduling Independent Monotonic Malleable Tasks
A malleable task is a computational unit that may be executed on any arbitrary number of processors, whose execution time depends on the amount of resources allotted to it. This paper presents a new ...

You are not logged in to this journal. Log in

Derandomization in Cryptography

SIAM J. Comput. Volume 37, Issue 2, pp. 380-400 (2007)

Published May 16, 2007
Buy This PDF   (US$25)
Download PDF (221 kB) Download Compressed PostScript View Cart

We give two applications of Nisan–Wigderson-type (NW-type) (“noncryptographic”) pseudorandom generators in cryptography. Specifically, assuming the existence of an appropriate NW-type generator, we construct the following two protocols: (1) a one-message witness-indistinguishable proof system for every language in NP, based on any trapdoor permutation. This proof system does not assume a shared random string or any setup assumption, so it is actually an “NP proof system.” (2) a noninteractive bit-commitment scheme based on any one-way function. The specific NW-type generator we need is a hitting set generator fooling nondeterministic circuits. It is known how to construct such a generator if $E = DTIME(2^{O(n)})$ has a function of nondeterministic circuit complexity $2^{\Omega(n)}$. Our witness-indistinguishable proofs are obtained by using the NW-type generator to derandomize the ZAPs of Dwork and Naor [Proceedings of the 41st Annual ACM Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 2000, pp. 283–293]. To our knowledge, this is the first construction of an NP proof system achieving a secrecy property. Our commitment scheme is obtained by derandomizing the interactive commitment scheme of Naor [J. Cryptology, 4 (1991), pp. 151–158]. Previous constructions of noninteractive commitment schemes were known only under incomparable assumptions.

©2007 Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
History: Received October 4, 2005; accepted November 16, 2006; published May 16, 2007
Permalink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/050641958

KEYWORDS and AMS

PUBLICATION DATA

ISSN:
0097-5397 (print)   1095-7111 (online)
Publisher:
AIP is a member of CrossRef SIAM

REFERENCES (50)

For access to fully linked references, you need to log in. For access to fully linked references, you need to Log in.

CITING ARTICLES

For access to citing articles, you need to log in.
For access to citing articles, you need to Log in.