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Scanning elastic scattering spectroscopy detects metastatic breast cancer in sentinel lymph nodes

Source: J. Biomed. Opt. 15, 047001 (2010); doi:10.1117/1.3463005

Published 16 July 2010

KEYWORDS and PACS
Keywords
PACS
  • 87.64.Cc
    Scattering of visible, uv, and infrared radiation (spectroscopic/microscopic techniques in biophysics/medical physics)
  • YEAR: 2010
PUBLICATION DATA
ISSN:
1553-9628 (online)
Publisher:
AIP is a member of CrossRef SPIE
Martin R. Austwick, Benjamin Clark, Charles A. Mosse, and Kristie Johnson
University College London, National Medical Laser Centre, London, United Kingdom

D. Wayne Chicken and Santosh K. Somasundaram
University College London, National Medical Laser Centre and Division of Surgical and Interventional Sciences, London, United Kingdom

Katherine W. Calabro
Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Electrical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts

Ying Zhu
University College London, National Medical Laser Centre and Department of Statistical Science, London, United Kingdom

Mary Falzon and Gabrijela Kocjan
University College London, Department of Histology, London, United Kingdom

Tom Fearn
University College London, Department of Statistical Science, London, United Kingdom

Stephen G. Bown
University College London, National Medical Laser Centre, London, United Kingdom

Irving J. Bigio
Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering    and Department of Electrical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts

Mohammed R. S. Keshtgar
Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
A novel method for rapidly detecting metastatic breast cancer within excised sentinel lymph node(s) of the axilla is presented. Elastic scattering spectroscopy (ESS) is a point-contact technique that collects broadband optical spectra sensitive to absorption and scattering within the tissue. A statistical discrimination algorithm was generated from a training set of nearly 3000 clinical spectra and used to test clinical spectra collected from an independent set of nodes. Freshly excised nodes were bivalved and mounted under a fiber-optic plate. Stepper motors raster-scanned a fiber-optic probe over the plate to interrogate the node's cut surface, creating a 20×20 grid of spectra. These spectra were analyzed to create a map of cancer risk across the node surface. Rules were developed to convert these maps to a prediction for the presence of cancer in the node. Using these analyses, a leave-one-out cross-validation to optimize discrimination parameters on 128 scanned nodes gave a sensitivity of 69% for detection of clinically relevant metastases (71% for macrometastases) and a specificity of 96%, comparable to literature results for touch imprint cytology, a standard technique for intraoperative diagnosis. ESS has the advantage of not requiring a pathologist to review the tissue sample. ©2010 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers
History: Received 15 December 2009; revised 12 May 2010; accepted 14 May 2010; published 16 July 2010
Permalink: http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.3463005

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