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Two-dimensional dielectric spectroscopy: Implementation and validation of a scanning open-ended coaxial probe

Source: Rev. Sci. Instrum. 81, 075108 (2010); doi:10.1063/1.3462974

Published 23 July 2010

KEYWORDS and PACS
Keywords
PACS
  • 77.22.-d
    Dielectric properties of solids and liquids
  • YEAR: 2010
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PUBLICATION DATA
ISSN:
1553-9628 (online)
Publisher:
AIP is a member of CrossRef AIP
Mohammad Habibi,1 David P. Klemer,1 and Valerica Raicu2
1Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
2Department of Physics and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
Dielectric spectroscopy is a powerful tool for characterizing and classifying materials based on their electrical properties. In order to perform dielectric measurements on a sample with spatially varying properties, the measuring probe typically is repositioned manually on the surface of the sample for each measurement. In this paper, we present a novel technique, based on a reconfigurable multielectrode array, which facilitates the recording of measurements at various different spatial locations without physically moving the measuring electrodes. By electronically selecting one of the electrodes as the inner line and connecting the remainder of the electrodes together to form the outer line, an open-ended coaxial probe is created, which can be repositioned by simply selecting different electrode combinations; hence the name of a “traveling” coaxial probe. The geometric factor, or the cell constant, of each coaxial probe in the array was estimated from measurements on saline solutions with known electrical characteristics. In order to validate the setup for measurement of dielectric properties of biological cells, the plasma membrane capacitance and cytoplasm conductivity of yeast cells suspended in aqueous solutions were measured and compared to results from published reports. Dielectric spectroscopy imaging was carried out on tissue phantoms made of an agar gel with inclusions consisting of concentrated yeast cell suspensions. Measurements were performed on the phantoms, and the dielectric data were spatially mapped with respect to electrode location. The spatial electrical data correlated precisely with locations of yeast cell inclusions within the phantoms. ©2010 American Institute of Physics
History: Received 1 May 2010; accepted 17 June 2010; published 23 July 2010
Permalink: http://link.aip.org/link/?RSINAK/81/075108/1

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