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Percolation, phase separation, and gelation in fluids and mixtures of spheres and rods

Source: J. Chem. Phys. 135, 234902 (2012); http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3669649

Published 21 December 2011

KEYWORDS and PACS
Keywords
PACS
  • 82.70.Kj
    Emulsions and suspensions
  • 83.80.Hj
    Suspensions, dispersions, pastes, slurries, colloids (rheology)
  • 82.70.Gg
    Gels and sols
  • 82.70.Dd
    Colloids
  • 64.60.ah
    Percolation studies of phase transitions
  • YEAR: 2011
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PUBLICATION DATA
ISSN:
1553-9628 (online)
Publisher:
AIP is a member of CrossRef AIP
Ryan Jadrich1,2 and Kenneth S. Schweizer1,2,3
1Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
2Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
3Department of Materials Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
The relationship between kinetic arrest, connectivity percolation, structure and phase separation in protein, nanoparticle, and colloidal suspensions is a rich and complex problem. Using a combination of integral equation theory, connectivity percolation methods, naïve mode coupling theory, and the activated dynamics nonlinear Langevin equation approach, we study this problem for isotropic one-component fluids of spheres and variable aspect ratio rigid rods, and also percolation in rod-sphere mixtures. The key control parameters are interparticle attraction strength and its (short) spatial range, total packing fraction, and mixture composition. For spherical particles, formation of a homogeneous one-phase kinetically stable and percolated physical gel is predicted to be possible, but depends on non-universal factors. On the other hand, the dynamic crossover to activated dynamics and physical bond formation, which signals discrete cluster formation below the percolation threshold, almost always occurs in the one phase region. Rods more easily gel in the homogeneous isotropic regime, but whether a percolation or kinetic arrest boundary is reached first upon increasing interparticle attraction depends sensitively on packing fraction, rod aspect ratio and attraction range. Overall, the connectivity percolation threshold is much more sensitive to attraction range than either the kinetic arrest or phase separation boundaries. Our results appear to be qualitatively consistent with recent experiments on polymer-colloid depletion systems and brush mediated attractive nanoparticle suspensions. ©2011 American Institute of Physics
History: Received 16 September 2011; accepted 21 November 2011; published 21 December 2011
Digital Object Identifier: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3669649

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