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Fig. 1. (Color online) (a) Nucleation sites on a surface with a step. (b) Preferential condensation of growth species at the c-plane edges of a ZnO nanorod. (c) Addition nucleation beyond the edges when steps and vacancies are found. First citation in article

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Fig. 2. (a) Experimental setup in a double-tube horizontal furnace. Appearance of ZnO nanorods on substrates (b) 2, (c) 3, and ZnO nanotubes on (d) substrate 4. The scale bars are 6  µm. First citation in article

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Fig. 3. Appearance of various ZnO nanotubes. The scale bars are 300  nm. First citation in article

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Fig. 4. (a) X-ray diffraction, (b) TEM, and (c) higy resolution TEM of a ZnO nanotubes. The arrows representing the tubular axes of these nanotubes. First citation in article

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Fig. 5. (a) Raman scattering and (b) PL spectra of ZnO nanotubes. First citation in article