http://scitation.aip.org/ Applied Physics Letters: All Topics http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203306/1&agg=rss Toshinori Matsushima and Hideyuki Murata<br/> Current density-voltage characteristics of hole-only devices are influenced by thicknesses of molybdenum dioxide (MoO) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO) as buffer layers. A space-charge-limited current of N,N-diphenyl-N,N-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,1-biphenyl-4,4-diamine (alpha-NPD) is observed in a wide range o ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203306 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201119/1&agg=rss Y. Halioua, T. J. Karle, F. Raineri, P. Monnier, I. Sagnes et al.<br/> We report on InP-based photonic crystal lasers operating at 1.585 [mu]m at room temperature, integrated with and evanescently coupled to silicon on insulator (SOI) waveguides. By optically pumping at 1.18 [mu]m through the SOI wires, pulsed laser emission from line defect photonic crystal waveguid ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201119 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201114/1&agg=rss R. Perahia, T. P. Mayer Alegre, A. H. Safavi-Naeini, and O. Painter<br/> Hybridization of surface-plasmon and dielectric waveguide whispering-gallery modes are demonstrated in a semiconductor microdisk laser cavity of subwavelength proportions. A metal layer is deposited on top of the semiconductor microdisk, the radius of which is systematically varied to enable mode hy ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201114 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201116/1&agg=rss L. Lin, L. B. Hande, and A. Roberts<br/> Here localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonances occurring inside cross-shaped apertures arranged in thin metallic films are investigated. It is shown that these resonances can be controlled by altering the geometry of the apertures, whereas surface plasmon polariton excitation and Wood anomalies ari ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201116 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202107/1&agg=rss A. Jallipalli, K. Nunna, M. N. Kutty, G. Balakrishnan, L. R. Dawson et al.<br/> We report a comprehensive study of the electronic properties and compensation of the interfacial states embedded in a majority carrier electron region either on one or both sides of the buffer-free GaSb/GaAs (001) heterointerface. An abrupt change observed in the forward-bias current (58 mA) for a s ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202107 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201117/1&agg=rss R. A. Ganeev and H. Kuroda<br/> We demonstrate a considerable broadening of the harmonics generating in laser plasma using the laser pulses propagating through the filaments in air. A fourfold increase of harmonic bandwidth was achieved in the case of phase-modulated laser pulses, alongside with an increase in harmonic conversion ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201117 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201113/1&agg=rss J. Lee, X. Li, X. Ni, U. Ozgur, H. Morkoc et al.<br/> The internal quantum efficiency (IQE) and relative external quantum efficiency (EQE) in InGaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) emitting at 400 nm with and without electron blocking layers (EBLs) on c-plane GaN and m-plane GaN were investigated in order to shed some light on any effect of polarization ch ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201113 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203305/1&agg=rss Yu-Chiang Chao, Yi-Cheng Lin, Min-Zhi Dai, Hsiao-Wen Zan, and Hsin-Fei Meng<br/> Vertical polymer space-charge limited transistor (SCLT) operated with an ultralow voltage is demonstrated. The influence of aging effect of the oxygen plasma treated indium tin oxide electrode on the hole injection barrier and on the transistor characteristics is investigated. By reducing the hole i ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203305 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202108/1&agg=rss T. Yokoyama, R. Takenaka, Y. Kamimura, K. Edagawa, and I. Yonenaga<br/> The local electrical resistivities in deformed n-GaP have been measured by scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM). The SSRM images show chainlike alignments of spots with high resistivity along the slip direction. These spots can be attributed to carrier-depletion around a charged dislocati ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202108 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/209901/1&agg=rss Z. Han, D. Li, H. Wang, X. G. Liu, J. Li et al.<br/> Abstract not available. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 209901 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202506/1&agg=rss Greg Szulczewski, Huseyin Tokuc, Kaan Oguz, and J. M. D. Coey<br/> Exchange-biased magnetic tunnel junctions with a CoFeB/MgO pinned layer, a Co free layer and an aluminum tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) spacer layer of thickness ranging from 08 nm have been prepared by photolithography. The devices show a room-temperature, zero-bias magnetoresistance of 12.50.3%, which ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202506 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202109/1&agg=rss G. Brammertz, H.-C. Lin, M. Caymax, M. Meuris, M. Heyns et al.<br/> The authors model the capacitance-voltage (CV) behavior of InGaAs metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structures and compare the results to experimental CV-curves. Due to the very low conduction band density of states, ideal III-V MOS structures should present an asymmetric CV behavior, with lower accum ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202109 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201115/1&agg=rss Yue-tao Yang, Xiao-jun Liu, and Shu-yi Zhang<br/> In this work, a columinescence system is found for lanthanide complexes Ln(p-ABA)HO (p-ABA: p-aminobenzoic acid) incorporated in silica matrix. It is found that the luminescence quantum yield of Tb emissions increases remarkably when partly replacing Tb(p-ABA)HO by Gd(p-ABA)HO in silica glass. Moreo ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201115 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201906/1&agg=rss C. Bayram, N. Pere-laperne, and M. Razeghi<br/> AlN/GaN superlattices (SLs) employing various well widths (from 1.5 to 7.0 nm) are grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technique at various growth temperatures (T) (from 900 to 1035 degrees C). The photoluminescence (PL), x-ray diffraction, and intersubband (ISB) absorption characteris ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201906 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203508/1&agg=rss Jianhua Hou, Jiang Wu, Zhiyuan Xie, and Lixiang Wang<br/> Efficient inverted top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes with aluminum (Al) as both the cathode and semitransparent anode are investigated. It is found that introduction of the ultrathin molybdenum trioxide (MoO)/fullerene (C) bilayer structure between the low work function Al top anode and the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203508 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202904/1&agg=rss Kecheng Li, Hong Wang, Feng Xiang, Weihong Liu, and Haibo Yang<br/> A nanocomposite was prepared by embedding BaSrTiO (BST)/silver core/shell nanoparticles (BST@Ag) into polyvinylidene-fluoride (PVDF). Through functionalizing the surface of BST nanoparticles by silver coating, the relative permittivity of composites was significantly increased to 153 at 100 Hz which ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202904 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201502/1&agg=rss Qing Zhang, Guixin Zhang, Liming Wang, Xinxin Wang, Shumin Wang et al.<br/> The electron density in a microwave plasma torch at atmospheric pressure was measured with a MachZehnder interferometer. The electron density is on the order of 10/cm, one order higher than that deduced from the Stark broadening of spectral lines, and increases with the increase in the microwave pow ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201502 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201118/1&agg=rss W. Brezna and J. Smoliner<br/> In this letter, confocal optical microscopy is used to investigate the intensity patterns of an infrared vertical cavity surface emitting laser in three dimensions with high spectral resolution. The measurements were performed between the near field (Fresnel) regime and the far field (Fraunhofer) re ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201118 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202905/1&agg=rss Dan Ricinschi, Damian Nicastro, Takeshi Kanashima, and Masanori Okuyama<br/> We explore beyond binary memory capability of ferroelectrics, aiming to render them able to encode multiple bit information, based on operation in a regime spanning several polarization reversal mechanisms. Accessing a Pb(Zr,Ti)O ceramic capacitor with combinatorial sequences of pulses whose amplitu ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202905 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201112/1&agg=rss Ido Dolev, Tal Ellenbogen, Noa Voloch-Bloch, and Ady Arie<br/> We present experimentally the control of free space propagation of an Airy beam. This beam is generated by a nonlinear wave mixing process in an asymmetrically poled nonlinear photonic crystal. Changing the quasi-phase matching conditions, e.g., the crystal temperature or pump wavelength, alters the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201112 (2009)] published Fri Nov 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203304/1&agg=rss Zhibin Yu, Liangbing Hu, Zhitian Liu, Mingliang Sun, Meiliang Wang et al.<br/> Polymer light emitting devices were fabricated by roll lamination using single-walled carbon nanotubes as both anode and cathode. The devices exhibited a low turn-on voltage of 3.8 V, high brightness of 1400 cd/m at 10 V and maximum efficiency of 2.2 cd/A at 480 cd/m. The devices are also highly t ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203304 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201903/1&agg=rss A. Kahl, T. Koeppe, D. Bedorf, R. Richert, M. L. Lind et al.<br/> By sequential heat treatment of a PdNiP metallic glass at temperatures and durations for which alpha-relaxation is not possible, dynamic, and quasistatic relaxation paths below the glass transition are identified via ex situ ultrasonic measurements following each heat treatment. The dynamic relaxati ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201903 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201905/1&agg=rss N. D. Parashar, D. J. Keavney, and B. W. Wessels<br/> The magnetic and electronic structure of Mn in InMnSb ferromagnetic semiconductor thin film was studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Comparison with atomic multiplet calculations suggests that manganese substitutes on sites with tetrahedral symmetry. Strong ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201905 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/204105/1&agg=rss Papaorn Siribunbandal, Shigeki Yamaguchi, Kenichi Kojima, Junji Fukuda, and Hiroaki Suzuki<br/> Autonomous control of the transport of solutions in microfabricated flow channels using electrowetting-based valves and integrated electrochemical cells is proposed. An electrowetting-based valve formed with a gold electrode was opened when an electrolyte solution reached a zinc electrode in a contr ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204105 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202505/1&agg=rss Taehee Yoo, S. Khym, Sun-young Yea, Sunjae Chung, Sanghoon Lee et al.<br/> We report the realization of four distinct magnetic states using single layers of Fe at room temperature. When the Fe film was grown on the vicinal surface of GaAs, the fourfold-symmetric magnetization along crystallographic direction give rise to four distinct Hall resistance values due to the diff ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202505 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201111/1&agg=rss Barry Koch, Yasha Yi, Jun-Ying Zhang, Stephen Znameroski, and Terry Smith<br/> The authors present an approach for applying optical microring resonators to sensing. The approach relies on the interaction of the resonator with a nanoparticle taggant, which can induce coupling between forward and backward propagating traveling-wave resonant modes of the device. In the convention ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201111 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/204106/1&agg=rss Bumjoo Kim, Intae Kim, Sang W. Joo, and Geunbae Lim<br/> Control technique for charged droplets, named as electrohydrodynamic droplet repulsion (EDR), is reported. Charged droplets emitting from a capillary and falling down toward an insulating substrate are deflected from their intended impact point due to the like polarity of previously fallen droplets. ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204106 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/204107/1&agg=rss Feng-Ming Chang, Yu-Jane Sheng, and Heng-Kwong Tsao<br/> It is generally believed that a water-repellent surface is necessary for small insects to stand on water. Through a combined experimental and theoretical study, we demonstrate that an object with hydrophilic surface can float with apparent contact angle greater than 90 degrees due to edge effect. T ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204107 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203703/1&agg=rss A. Beerlink, M. Mell, M. Tolkiehn, and T. Salditt<br/> We report hard x-ray phase contrast imaging of black lipid membranes, freely suspended over a micromachined aperture in an aqueous solution. Biomolecular and organic substances can thus be probed in hydrated environments by parallel beam propagation imaging, using coherent multi-kilo-electronvolt x- ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203703 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201904/1&agg=rss J. Guzman, S. J. Shin, C. Y. Liao, C. W. Yuan, P. R. Stone et al.<br/> The photoluminescence (PL) of Er-doped silica films containing Ge nanoclusters synthesized by ion implantation was investigated. The area of the 1540 nm Er PL peak was enhanced by up to a factor of 200 by the addition of Ge nanoclusters. The PL enhancement was found to be proportional to the concent ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201904 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203507/1&agg=rss A. Popescu and L. M. Woods<br/> A custom double wall carbon nanotube for thermal surface modification is proposed. By studying the heat transfer characteristics in the system, it is demonstrated that such a device is capable of producing high resolution patterns on a sample surface. A constant distance between the double wall carb ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203507 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203113/1&agg=rss Y. R. Niu and M. S. Altman<br/> Superparamagnetic fluctuations of magnetization in thin Fe films that coat a sharp W(001) tip are evident in the spin polarization of field emitted electrons. Fluctuations of polarization between four transverse directions that align with the tip directions are consistent with the in-plane biaxial ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203113 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203112/1&agg=rss Hai Liu, Domingo A. Ferrer, Fahmida Ferdousi, and Sanjay K. Banerjee<br/> In this letter, we reported nanocrystal floating gate memory with CoSiO core-shell nanocrystal charge storage nodes. By using a water-in-oil microemulsion scheme, CoSiO core-shell nanocrystals were synthesized and closely packed to achieve high density matrix in the floating gate without aggregation ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203112 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201110/1&agg=rss S. G. Pavlov, U. Bottger, R. Eichholz, N. V. Abrosimov, H. Riemann et al.<br/> Stimulated emission at terahertz frequencies (4.55.8 THz) has been realized by electronic Raman scattering of infrared radiation on bismuth donor centers in silicon at low temperatures. The Stokes shift of the observed laser emission is 40.53 meV which corresponds to the bismuth intracenter transiti ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201110 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202504/1&agg=rss Soon-Gul Lee, Sung-Hak Hong, Won Kyung Seong, and Won Nam Kang<br/> We have fabricated weakly coupled intergrain nanobridges from MgB films by a focused ion beam (FIB) patterning technique and studied their transition properties. The bridges were nominally 300 nm wide and 100 nm long, and crossed a single grain boundary perpendicularly. The temperature-dependent res ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202504 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/204102/1&agg=rss Jose Sanchez-Dehesa, Mitko I. Angelov, Francisco Cervera, and Liang-Wu Cai<br/> This work reports experiments showing that airborne sound propagation can be controlled by temperature gradients. A system of two heated tubes is here used to demonstrate the collimation and focusing of an ultrasonic beam by the refractive index profile created by the temperature gradients existing ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204102 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202903/1&agg=rss Atsuo Matsutani, Zhenhua (Jerry) Luo, Soodkhet Pojprapai, Mark Hoffman, and Giuseppe Pezzotti<br/> The ultraviolet and visible cathodoluminescence (CL) emitted at room temperature from bulk hard lead-zirconate-titanate polycrystalline perovskite has been systematically collected before and after an annealing cycle conducted in a reducing atmosphere. Spectroscopic assessments have been made of the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202903 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201109/1&agg=rss N. Venkatram, Sudip K. Batabyal, Lu Tian, Jagadese J. Vittal, and Wei Ji<br/> We report the observation of nonlinear-optical response and relaxation in copper indium sulfide (CuInS) crystalline nanoparticles and nanorods with femtosecond Z-scans and transient absorption measurements. Dependent on the size and shape, two-photon absorption and saturation in the one-photon absor ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201109 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/204103/1&agg=rss Linas Mazutis and Andrew D. Griffiths<br/> We describe a microfluidic system allowing fast and efficient size-dependent separation of droplets using hydrodynamics. This system allows efficient fractionation of droplets with a difference in volume as small as 2.33-fold (corresponding to a 1.33-fold difference in diameter of spherical droplets ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204103 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/204104/1&agg=rss S. H. Tseng and N. H. Tai<br/> The fabrication of transparent and flexible thin film transistors (TFTs), using single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks as bottom gates and conducting channels and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) as an insulating layer, by the direct transfer method is demonstrated. The fabricated SWCNT-TFTs ex ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204104 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202106/1&agg=rss A. Singh, Aditee Joshi, S. Samanta, A. K. Debnath, D. K. Aswal et al.<br/> Low temperature electrical transport properties of composite polypyrrole (PPy) films having ZnO-nanowires (ZnONWs) in the range of 050 wt. % have been investigated. It has been found that pure PPy film is in the critical regime of the metal-to-insulator transition, and adding ZnONWs drive composite ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202106 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203303/1&agg=rss T. W. Ng, M. F. Lo, M. K. Fung, S. L. Lai, Z. T. Liu et al.<br/> While bulk heterojunctions (HJ) have been used in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, there are few studies on their interface electronics and mechanisms on device performance. Here, we studied the electronic structure of a mixed CuPc:C and a discrete CuPc/C junctions using photoemission spectroscop ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203303 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203302/1&agg=rss Xian Ning Xie, Junzhong Wang, Kian Ping Loh, and Andrew Thye Shen Wee<br/> This letter reports the negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic-3,4,9,10-dianhydride films induced by aggregate formation in the film. It is observed that aggregate-states in the energy gap can by-pass the common charge conduction mode, and electron injec ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203302 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203111/1&agg=rss Clark Highstrete, Mark Lee, A. Alec Talin, and Andrew L. Vance<br/> Complex conductance spectra of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) arrays have been measured from 0.1 to 50 GHz at temperatures between 4 and 293 K. Using purely capacitive contacts to separate contact effects from the NTs' response, the intrinsic SWCNT array conductance increased with frequency a ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203111 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201108/1&agg=rss M. Zhang, P. Bhattacharya, J. Singh, and J. Hinckley<br/> The Auger recombination coefficient in InGaN/GaN quantum wells, emitting at 407 nm has been determined from large signal modulation measurements on lasers in which these quantum wells form the gain region. A value of 1.5 x 10 cm s is determined for the Auger coefficient at room temperature, which i ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201108 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203505/1&agg=rss Edward D. Herderick, Kongara M. Reddy, Rachel N. Sample, Thomas I. Draskovic, and Nitin P. Padture<br/> Evidence for bipolar resistive switching is reported in individual metal-oxide-metal (MOM) nanowires in the system AuNiOAu, and a plausible mechanism for the same is presented. The MOM nanowire architecture may be well suited for much needed fundamental studies of resistive switching because it prov ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203505 (2009)] published Tue Nov 17, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201902/1&agg=rss Hongqi Li, Amit Misra, Jon K. Baldwin, and S. T. Picraux<br/> Two nanoporous PtNi alloys were synthesized by dealloying ternary amorphous SiPtNi precursors. Both foams have nearly the same composition, ligament diameter size, and density. However, their ligament patterns are different, depending on the microstructure of precursors. The difference in morphology ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201902 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203103/1&agg=rss N. Neel, J. Kroger, and R. Berndt<br/> The electronic structure of individual Co islands on Cu(111) was investigated by a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope. An irreversible shift of the occupied Co d band toward the Fermi level was induced by elevated tunneling currents and voltages. Heating of the CoCu interface most likely induce ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203103 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202101/1&agg=rss Sakulsuk Unarunotai, Yuya Murata, Cesar E. Chialvo, Hoon-sik Kim, Scott MacLaren et al.<br/> This letter presents a simple method for transferring epitaxial sheets of graphene on silicon carbide to other substrates. The graphene was grown on the (0001) face of 6H-SiC by thermal annealing at 1550 degrees C in a hydrogen atmosphere. Transfer was accomplished using a peeling process with a bi ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202101 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203104/1&agg=rss Mai Duc Dai, Kilho Eom, and Chang-Wan Kim<br/> Nanomechanical resonators have allowed the in vitro molecular recognition. Most of detection is implemented in harmonic oscillation regime, albeit nanomechanical resonators can easily reach the nonlinear oscillation regime. In this letter, we have studied the nanomechanical mass detection using nonl ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203104 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203504/1&agg=rss F. Gonzalez-Posada Flores, C. Rivera, and E. Munoz<br/> The results of x-ray characterization presented in this work show that the strain state of the AlGaN and GaN layers is modified by the Ohmic contact deposition and subsequent annealing, as well as by the SiN passivation. In both cases, the tensile strain for the AlGaN layer decreases whereas the res ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203504 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203105/1&agg=rss A. Lenz, F. Genz, H. Eisele, L. Ivanova, R. Timm et al.<br/> Self-assembled InAs/InGaAsP/InP(001) nanostructures are investigated using cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy. Atomically resolved images at both the (110) and the ([overline 1]10) cleavage surface show InAs quantum dashes with almost binary composition and a truncated pyramidal shape. Th ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203105 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203102/1&agg=rss Irene Fernandez-Cuesta, Rasmus B. Nielsen, Alexandra Boltasseva, Xavier Borrise, Francesc Perez-Murano et al.<br/> Recently, it has been proven that light can be squeezed into metallic channels with subwavelength lateral dimensions. Here, we present the study of the propagation of channel plasmon polaritons confined in gold V-grooves, filled with fluorescent particles. In this way, channel plasmon polaritons pro ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203102 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203107/1&agg=rss P. Padhan and W. Prellier<br/> SrRuOSrMnO multilayers with heterointerfaces of similar inversion symmetry were fabricated. The SrTiO/[SrMnO/SrRuO] multilayer shows lower Curie temperature, smaller magnetization and larger magnetoresistance compared to SrTiO/[SrRuO/SrMnO] multilayer. The variations of these properties with the inv ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203107 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202501/1&agg=rss Rachel S. Selinsky, David J. Keavney, Matthew J. Bierman, and Song Jin<br/> A soft x-ray absorption and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) study of the ferromagnetism in solution-grown EuS nanocrystals (NCs) is reported. The absorption edges of Eu M and M, S K, O K, and P K were probed to determine elementally specific contributions to the magnetism of EuS NCs. Differ ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202501 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203502/1&agg=rss Kashinath A. Bogle, Mukesh N. Bachhav, Meenal S. Deo, Nagarajan Valanoor, and Satishchandra B. Ogale<br/> Incorporation of dilute concentration of dopant having a valence state different than that of the host cation enables controlled incorporation proximity vacancy defects for local charge balance. Since nonvolatile resistive switching is a phenomenon tied to such defects, it can be expected to be infl ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203502 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201103/1&agg=rss Wen Chen, Chenggen Quan, and Cho Jui Tay<br/> We propose a method to extend the depth of focus in a particle field measurement using a single-shot digital hologram. A focal plane is obtained for each pixel based on an entropy method, and a depth map is subsequently extracted. A synthesized extended focused image is determined correspondingly us ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201103 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/202901/1&agg=rss F. Johann, T. Jungk, S. Lisinski, A. Hoffmann, L. Ratke et al.<br/> Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) was used to investigate the ferroelectric properties of sol-gel derived LiNbO nanoparticles. To determine the degree of ferroelectricity we took large-area images and performed statistical image-analysis. The ferroelectric behavior of single nanoparticles was ver ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 202901 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201102/1&agg=rss Chia-Feng Lin, Chun-Min Lin, Kuei-Ting Chen, Wan-Chun Huang, Ming-Shiou Lin et al.<br/> The InGaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with a roughened patterned backside on the N-face GaN surface were fabricated through a crystallographic etching process to increase light-extraction efficiency. After laser decomposition, laser scribing, and a lateral crystallographic wet etching process ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201102 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203501/1&agg=rss Matthew R. Begley, Marcel Utz, Daniel C. Leslie, Hossein Haj-Hariri, James Landers et al.<br/> This paper outlines the scaling parameters governing the frequency response of fluidic networks with embedded deformable features, which are subjected to periodic excitation. These parameters describe the impact of deformable feature properties on the relative importance of potential energy, kinetic ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203501 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/204101/1&agg=rss Gengxin Zhang, Brandon Weeks, Richard Gee, and Amitesh Maiti<br/> Optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy were used to investigate the solidification process of the organic energetic material pentaerythritol tetranitrate thermally deposited on a silicon surface. The metastable films spontaneously undergo dendrite formation where the measured fractal dimensi ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 204101 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203106/1&agg=rss Feng Zhu, Kun Lou, Lizhen Huang, Jianbing Yang, Jidong Zhang et al.<br/> Highly crystalline organic superlattice has great potential for providing innovative function in organic devices. With studies of the structure and fundamental electronical properties, we have demonstrated the phathalocynine organic superlattice, which is a structure composed of periodically alterna ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203106 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203701/1&agg=rss Karim G. Sabra and Akibi Archer<br/> Conventional elastography techniques require an external mechanical or radiation excitation to measure noninvasively the viscoelastic properties of skeletal muscles and thus monitor human motor functions. We developed instead a passive elastography technique using only an array of skin-mounted accel ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203701 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201901/1&agg=rss R. Mittal, S. L. Chaplot, and H. Schober<br/> Zn(CN) is known to have an isotropic negative thermal expansion (NTE) coefficient (about 51 x 10 K) over 10370 K that is twice as large as that of ZrWO. We have measured the pressure dependence of the phonon spectra up to 30 meV from a polycrystalline sample of Zn(CN) at pressures of 0, 0.3, 1.9, a ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201901 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203503/1&agg=rss Yuan Li, Wei Zhou, Dan Xue, Jiwen Liu, Eric D. Peterson et al.<br/> Using ray tracing and optical path iteration, we present a mathematical model for light transmission, absorption, and loss in fiber-based organic photovoltaics. Simulations based on this model give an optimum incident angle, position, and an optimum aspect ratio in terms of other parameters of the f ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203503 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203101/1&agg=rss P. Huang, G. Q. Dai, F. Wang, K. W. Xu, and Y. H. Li<br/> Fivefold annealing twin has been observed in nanocrystalline Cu at zero external stress. The microstructure of the multifold twins at various annealing temperatures has been examined by transmission electron microscopic in detail. Contrary to the well known sequential twinning mechanism, coherent tw ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203101 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/203301/1&agg=rss Kenjiro Fukuda, Takanori Hamamoto, Tomoyuki Yokota, Tsuyoshi Sekitani, Ute Zschieschang et al.<br/> We have fabricated pentacene organic thin-film transistors (TFTs) using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on alkyl-phosphonic acids with five different alkyl chain lengths as the gate dielectric and investigated the relationship between the SAM chain length and the electrical performance and st ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 203301 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/201101/1&agg=rss Ertugrul Cubukcu and Federico Capasso<br/> Resonant optical nanoantennas exhibit a different length scaling due to the surface plasmons compared to their radio frequency counterparts. In this letter, we address this difference by calculating the wavelength-dependent effective mode index n for a cylindrical one-dimensional gold nanowire waveg ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 201101 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191907/1&agg=rss S. M. Chathoth, B. Damaschke, J. P. Embs, and K. Samwer<br/> We report unexpectedly strong variations in the relaxational dynamics in a glass-forming metallic melt while microalloying. Analysis of quasielastic neutron scattering data revealed that changes in the values of stretching of the self-correlation function and the temperature dependence of self-diffu ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191907 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191913/1&agg=rss S. D. Findlay, N. Shibata, H. Sawada, E. Okunishi, Y. Kondo et al.<br/> We show that an annular detector placed within the bright field cone in scanning transmission electron microscopy allows direct imaging of light elements in crystals. In contrast to common high angle annular dark field imaging, both light and heavy atom columns are visible simultaneously. In contras ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191913 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191908/1&agg=rss Masaki Takihara, Takuji Takahashi, and Toru Ujihara<br/> We evaluated the minority carrier diffusion length in multicrystalline silicon solar cells by means of photoassisted Kelvin probe force microscopy to investigate the influence of the multicrystalline material grains and the grain boundaries on solar cell performance. We observed a reduction in the d ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191908 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193110/1&agg=rss Cosmin Farcau and Simion Astilean<br/> Regular arrays of interconnected silver half-shells (HSs) deposited on self-organized polystyrene microspheres are proposed as plasmonic substrates for metal-enhanced fluorescence. An emission enhancement of 28 times was demonstrated for Rose Bengal fluorophore placed at about 1 nm above HSs. The en ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193110 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193506/1&agg=rss Yu Luo, Jingjing Zhang, Hongsheng Chen, Jiangtao Huangfu, and Lixin Ran<br/> We show in this letter that, by using an inhomogeneous metamaterial shell, it is possible to achieve highly directive emission with a small antenna aperture. The material parameters of the metamaterial substrate are obtained by a nonmonotonic optical transformation. Therefore, a large antenna can be ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193506 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192110/1&agg=rss Changxin Chen, Wei Zhang, and Yafei Zhang<br/> A multichannel carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (MC-CNTFET) with compound channel layer has been built. In this MC-CNTFET, a dispersedly directed array of long single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is used as primary channel layer and a randomly aligned monolayer network of short SWCNTs act ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192110 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192508/1&agg=rss H. Saito, S. Yuasa, and K. Ando<br/> We investigated spin-dependent tunneling properties in fully epitaxial Fe/ZnSe/InMnAs with a metal/insulator/semiconductor structure. A tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio up to 14% was observed, which is the first TMR reported in tunnel junctions with a narrow-gap magnetic semiconductor electro ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192508 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192111/1&agg=rss L. R. Bailey, T. D. Veal, C. E. Kendrick, S. M. Durbin, and C. F. McConville<br/> The effects of treatment with ammonium sulfide ((NH)S) solution on the electronic properties of InN surfaces have been investigated with high resolution x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The valence band, In 3d, and N 1s x-ray photoemission spectra show that the surface Fermi level decreases by appr ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192111 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191912/1&agg=rss G. V. Soares, I. J. R. Baumvol, S. A. Correa, C. Radtke, and F. C. Stedile<br/> Thermally induced incorporation of isotopically labeled water vapor (D O) species in 7 nm thick SiO films thermally grown on 6H-SiC(0001) and on Si(001) were investigated. Higher incorporation of hydrogen and higher isotopic exchange were observed in SiO/SiC as compared to SiO/Si, at temperatures ab ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191912 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193504/1&agg=rss Seiichiro Ariyoshi, Tohru Taino, Adrian Dobroiu, Hiromi Sato, Hiroshi Matsuo et al.<br/> The principle of a terahertz detector using a superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) coupled to a large terahertz-absorbing superconductor film is verified. We have detected terahertz radiation based on the Cooper-pair breaking process, and confirmed that the sensitivity has a sharp increase around 0 ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193504 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193111/1&agg=rss A. Soudi, R. Lopez, Jr., R. D. Dawson, and Y. Gu<br/> We have determined quantitatively third-order anharmonic phonon coupling matrix elements in vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) grown ZnO nanowires, via an analysis of the Raman line shape of the E phonon mode. The results suggest that the decay of the E phonon into the sum of two acoustic phonons is suppresse ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193111 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192113/1&agg=rss Hong Bae Park, Chang Seo Park, Chang Yong Kang, Seung-Chul Song, Byoung Hun Lee et al.<br/> Effects of Gd capping of HfSiON gate dielectric on the characteristics of n metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (nMOSFET) with TaC gate electrode were investigated. MOSFETs with an in situ deposited Gd/TaC bilayer demonstrated a reduced equivalent oxide thickness, 0.9 nm, and low V, 0. ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192113 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191909/1&agg=rss Luis Sandoval and Herbert M. Urbassek<br/> Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study the solid-solid phase transitions induced by strain in Fe nanowires. These show an intricate dependence on the crystallographic orientation of the wire. oriented nanowires exhibit a bcc-->fcc transition and preferably follow the NishiyamaWassermann pat ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191909 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193112/1&agg=rss Benjamin M. Ross, John R. Waldeisen, Tim Wang, and Luke P. Lee<br/> We present a systematic theoretical study of core-satellite gold nanoparticle assemblies using the Generalized Multiparticle Mie formalism. We consider the importance of satellite number, satellite radius, the core radius, and the satellite distance, and we present approaches to optimize spectral sh ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193112 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192506/1&agg=rss N. Lei, D. H. Wei, C. S. Tian, S. H. Xiao, D. Z. Hou et al.<br/> With continuous variable composition, an artificial pseudomorphic template of 1 ML CuAu was achieved by epitaxial growth on Cu(001), in which the magnetic anisotropy and the spin reorientation transition of Ni films were investigated in situ. The result clearly indicates that the strain induced prot ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192506 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191118/1&agg=rss Johannes Lenz, Thomas Wilhein, and Stephan Irsen<br/> In the soft x-ray (SXR) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectral region, optical elements are mainly based on diffractive structures. We report on experiments showing the fabrication of such elements using ion beam lithography. This allows single-step milling of freestanding transmission as well as re ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191118 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191116/1&agg=rss E. Siebert-Henze, M. Langner, M. Sudzius, S. I. Hintschich, H. Frob et al.<br/> We analyze the polarization dependence of the discrete photonic states in an organic microcavity system that is laterally confined on the micron scale. Via microscopic photoluminescence measurements on square shaped photonic dots, we demonstrate a polarization splitting that increases up to 10 meV f ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191116 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191910/1&agg=rss Kanna Aoki<br/> Production of a rod-connected diamond (RCD) photonic crystal structure in a semiconductor material is proposed. Periodic shifting of only one building block can create a complicated three-dimensional network, with a RCD structure exhibiting a full bandgap as wide as 0.20 on a gap/midgap (Deltaomega/ ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191910 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191117/1&agg=rss J. Dai, C. X. Xu, R. Ding, K. Zheng, Z. L. Shi et al.<br/> The hexagonal ZnO microrods were employed as whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavities to obtain ultraviolet laser at room temperature. For each individual ZnO microrod, the laser presented low threshold and high quality Q factor and clear WGM spectral structure. The lasing spectra from different ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191117 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192115/1&agg=rss Peter T. Erslev, Eric S. Sundholm, Rick E. Presley, David Hong, John F. Wager et al.<br/> Amorphous zinc tin oxide (ZTO) is a wide-band-gap (transparent) semiconductor which exhibits high electron mobilities irrespective of its disordered nature. Transient photocapacitance (TPC), drive level capacitance profiling (DLCP), and modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (MPC) were used to determin ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192115 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193505/1&agg=rss Michael J. Lachut and John E. Sader<br/> Numerous measurements have indicated that surface stress can significantly modify the stiffness of cantilever sensors. In contrast, theoretical calculations using classical beam theory predict that stiffness is independent of surface stress. Using a three-dimensional analysis, we recently showed tha ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193505 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192905/1&agg=rss Manas Kumar Roy, Shamik Sarkar, and Sushanta Dattagupta<br/> A Landau-like theory of phase transition and its time-dependent generalization are shown to be sufficient for describing the formation and kinetics of 180 degrees , 90 degrees , and vortex (toroidal) domains in ferroelectric thin films. The theory relies only on the choice of boundary conditions and ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192905 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193703/1&agg=rss Tzu-Lin Sun<!--orlang--> (&#x5B6B;&#x6893;&#x51CC;)<!--orlang-->, Yuan Liu<!--orlang--> (&#x5289;&#x6E90;)<!--orlang-->, Ming-Chin Sung<!--orlang--> (&#x5B8B;&#x660E;&#x747E;)<!--orlang-->, Hsiao-Ching Chen<!--orlang--> (&#x9673;&#x66C9;&#x83C1;)<!--orlang-->, Chun-Hui Yang<!--orlang--> (&#x694A;&#x6DF3;&#x60E0;)<!--orlang--> et al.<br/> Conventional diagnosis for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is time consuming in sample preparation and deficient in quantitative examination. In this work, we developed multiphoton autofluorescence (MAF) microscopy as an effective and efficient tool in HCC diagnosis with qualitative imaging and quant ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193703 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192112/1&agg=rss M. Larsson, H. A. Nilsson, H. Hardtdegen, and H. Q. Xu<br/> We report on the measurements of the g-factor and the exchange interaction of electrons in a few-electron lateral quantum dot formed in an InGaAs/InP semiconductor heterostructure. The spin filling sequence of the electron states in the dot is determined by magnetotransport measurements and parallel ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192112 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192509/1&agg=rss J. W. A. Robinson, Z. H. Barber, and M. G. Blamire<br/> We show that by interfacing Co with Rh in Nb-based superconductor-ferromagnetic-superconductor (SFS) Josephson devices, the bulk magnetization of the Co barrier is completely preserved, thus eliminating the issue of a magnetic dead layer present in other SFS devices. Electrical measurements demonstr ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192509 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191504/1&agg=rss Yohei Yamazawa<br/> The growth of harmonics is known to occur under the condition of plasma series resonance (PSR). In an actual plasma process chamber, the external circuit also affects the PSR. We experimentally demonstrated the resonant growth of the third and fourth harmonics by tuning a variable capacitor attached ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191504 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192507/1&agg=rss M. Manfrini, T. Devolder, Joo-Von Kim, P. Crozat, N. Zerounian et al.<br/> We study the agility of current-tunable oscillators based on a magnetic vortex orbiting around a point contact in spin valves. The theory predicts that frequency tuning by currents occurs at constant orbital radius so an exceptional agility is anticipated. To test this, we have inserted an oscillato ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192507 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191911/1&agg=rss Sunil Kumar, M. Anija, N. Kamaraju, K. S. Vasu, K. S. Subrahmanyam et al.<br/> Nonlinear optical properties and carrier relaxation dynamics in graphene, suspended in three different solvents, are investigated using femtosecond (80 fs pulses) Z-scan and degenerate pump-probe spectroscopy at 790 nm. The results demonstrate saturable absorption property of graphene with a nonline ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191911 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192114/1&agg=rss Xiaoxi Ni, Gengchiau Liang, Jian-Sheng Wang, and Baowen Li<br/> We study the thermoelectric property of graphane strips by using density functional theory calculations combined with the nonequilibrium Green's function method. It is found that figure of merit (ZT) can be remarkably enhanced five times by randomly introducing hydrogen vacancies to the graphene nan ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192114 (2009)] published Fri Nov 13, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/194104/1&agg=rss J. J. Yang, B. Liu, Y. Wang, and K. W. Xu<br/> A strategy integrating structure zone model with dynamic scaling theory was proposed to study the global surface dynamics of polycrystalline Cu films deposited at different homologous temperature T/T. The evolution of roughness exponent alpha and growth exponent beta reveals a transition from random ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 194104 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191904/1&agg=rss Haibo Zeng, Shikuan Yang, Xiaoxia Xu, and Weiping Cai<br/> Strong and stable blue luminescence was obtained from ZnO hollow nanoparticles. Significantly, dramatic excitation dependence was observed for blue emissions of ZnO: (1) band-gap energy (E) is the optimal excitation energy but smaller energies are still effective; (2) there exist several fixed emitt ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191904 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191112/1&agg=rss Huaxiang Yi, D. S. Citrin, Yao Chen, and Zhiping Zhou<br/> Dual-microring-resonator interference with the microrings on separate arms of a MachZehnder interferometer is shown to provide the basis for high-performance sensors. The output spectrum, which depends on the overlap of the resonances of the two microring resonators, depends sensitively on the reson ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191112 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191114/1&agg=rss Shah Nawaz Burokur, Thomas Lepetit, and Andre de Lustrac<br/> Metamaterials made of asymmetric cut wire pairs have experimentally demonstrated a negative refractive index at microwave frequencies. In this letter, we begin by presenting the analogy between asymmetric cut wire pairs and S-shaped metamaterials by a simple unifying approach. Then, using simulation ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191114 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192109/1&agg=rss Lina Wei-Wei Fang, Rong Zhao, Jisheng Pan, Zheng Zhang, Luping Shi et al.<br/> The metal/alpha-GeSbTe interface was examined using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Doping GeSbTe with nitrogen leads to an increase in hole barrier height at the interface between metals and nitrogen-doped GeSbTe. Hole barrier height at metal/alpha-GeSbTe interface is reduced slightly by increasi ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192109 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191115/1&agg=rss Paul E. Barclay, Kai-Mei C. Fu, Charles Santori, and Raymond G. Beausoleil<br/> Optical coupling of nitrogen-vacancy centers in single-crystal diamond to an on-chip microcavity is demonstrated. The microcavity is fabricated from a hybrid gallium phosphide and diamond material system and supports whispering gallery mode resonances with spectrometer resolution limited Q>25 000. ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191115 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191111/1&agg=rss Renjie Zhou, Baldemar Ibarra-Escamilla, Joseph W. Haus, Peter E. Powers, and Qiwen Zhan<br/> We report a fiber laser design that is capable of producing switchable radially and azimuthally polarized beams at 1.6 [mu]m. A c-cut calcite crystal within a three-lens telescope is inserted in the cavity of an erbium doped fiber laser design. Due to the axially symmetric birefringence of the calc ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191111 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/194103/1&agg=rss Guido Kampel, Guillermo H. Goldsztein, and Juan C. Santamarina<br/> Fluid in porous media flows through tortuous paths. If the size of the solid particles suspended in the fluid and the fluid velocities are large enough, Brownian motion effects may not be dominant. In this parameter regime, the average velocity of the particles is different than that of the fluid. W ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 194103 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192504/1&agg=rss O. Hovorka, Y. Liu, K. A. Dahmen, and A. Berger<br/> We develop a generally applicable method for the accurate measurement of intrinsic switching field distributions and the determination of exchange and dipolar interactions in granular magnetic materials. The method is based on the simultaneous analysis of hysteresis loop and recoil curve data. Its v ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192504 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192904/1&agg=rss Zhibin Yu, Wei Yuan, Paul Brochu, Bin Chen, Zhitian Liu et al.<br/> Thermoplastic poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PTBA) is reported as an electroactive polymer that is rigid at ambient conditions and turns into a dielectric elastomer above a transition temperature. In the rubbery state, a PTBA thin film can be electrically actuated to strains up to 335% in area expansion ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192904 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192505/1&agg=rss Shengqiang Zhou<!--orlang--> (&#x5468;&#x751F;&#x5F3A;)<!--orlang-->, Artem Shalimov, Kay Potzger, Nicole M. Jeutter, Carsten Baehtz et al.<br/> Crystalline MnGe nanomagnets are formed inside a Mn-diluted Ge matrix using Mn ion implantation. A temperature-dependent memory effect and slow magnetic relaxation are observed below the superparamagnetic blocking temperature of MnGe. Our findings corroborate that the observed spin-glass-like featur ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192505 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191113/1&agg=rss Rakesh G. Mote, S. F. Yu, W. Zhou, and X. F. Li<br/> An analytical model is developed to study the subwavelength focusing characteristics of a binary phase Fresnel zone plate (FZP). The model shows that high numerical-aperture phase FZP under the illumination of linear polarized light produces rotationally asymmetric focal spot with beamwidth varying ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191113 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191906/1&agg=rss Md. Imteyaz Ahmad and S. S. Bhattacharya<br/> Crystallite size dependence on the lattice parameters of nanocrystalline anatase was examined by x-ray diffraction pattern analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. The lattice parameter a increased while the parameter c decreased with reducing crystallite sizes. Howe ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191906 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193108/1&agg=rss Claus Jeppesen, Niels Asger Mortensen, and Anders Kristensen<br/> We investigate the capacitance tuning of nanoscale split-ring resonators. Based on a simple inductor-capacitor circuit model, we derive an expression, where the inductance is proportional to the area while the capacitance reflects the aspect ratio of the slit. The resonance frequency may thus be tun ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193108 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191905/1&agg=rss J. D. Wu, C. T. Huang, Y. S. Huang, W. O. Charles, A. Shen et al.<br/> Photoreflectance (PR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to study the intersubband (ISB) transitions of a ZnCdSe/ZnCdMgSe asymmetric coupled quantum well (ACQW) structure for quantum cascade laser (QCL) application. The PR spectrum revealed a wide range of possible optical ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191905 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191503/1&agg=rss E. J. Cruz, B. W. Hoff, P. Pengvanich, Y. Y. Lau, R. M. Gilgenbach et al.<br/> Experiments on peer-to-peer locking of 2 kW magnetrons are performed. These experiments verify the recently developed theory on the condition under which the two nonlinear oscillators may be locked to a common frequency. Dependent on the coupling, the frequency of oscillation when locking occurs doe ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191503 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193109/1&agg=rss Yong Tang, Alexei O. Orlov, Gregory L. Snider, and Patrick J. Fay<br/> The radio frequency operation of a single-electron latch based on AlAlOAl tunnel junctions is presented. By capacitively coupling the latch to a radio frequency single electron transistor, charge switching on the microsecond timescale is demonstrated. The fast switching and high repeatability of the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193109 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191110/1&agg=rss Burm Baek, Jeffrey A. Stern, and Sae Woo Nam<br/> We have integrated superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) with an optical cavity design for front-side illumination. Our optical cavity design increases the coupling efficiency of light to the nanowire detector and enables straightforward proximity fiber-coupling for a multichanne ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191110 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/199901/1&agg=rss Chiaki Okawara and Ahmed Amin<br/> Abstract not available. [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 199901 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192903/1&agg=rss Linhua Liu, Xiaobing Li, Xiao Wu, Yaojin Wang, Wenning Di et al.<br/> We investigated the dielectric, ferroelectric, and pyroelectric properties of Mn-doped 0.74Pb(MgNb)O0.26PbTiO crystals. Compared with pure PMN-0.26PT, Mn substitutions resulted in reduced dielectric loss and enhanced coercive field. Furthermore, the pyroelectric coefficient and detectivity figures o ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192903 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191502/1&agg=rss L. Schiesko, M. Carrere, J.-M. Layet, and G. Cartry<br/> A graphite sample is negatively biased in a hydrogen plasma. H ions created on the surface are accelerated by the sheath toward a mass spectrometer where they are detected according to their energy. The ion distribution function shows two contributions: a main peak followed by an energetic tail. It ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191502 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192107/1&agg=rss J. H. Buss, J. Rudolph, F. Natali, F. Semond, and D. Hagele<br/> Electron spin dynamics in n-type c-oriented wurtzite GaN epilayers is studied by time-resolved Kerr-rotation measurements at T=80 K. The electron spin lifetime shows a sudden increase if an external magnetic field is applied in the sample plane. This enhancement is explained by anisotropic Dyakonov ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192107 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193106/1&agg=rss Sadahiro Masuo, Hiroyuki Naiki, Shinjiro Machida, and Akira Itaya<br/> Single-photon emission behavior in the enhanced fluorescence from single colloidal quantum dots (QDs) near silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was investigated using a single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy technique. It was found that the degree of fluorescence enhancement from single QDs with AgNPs in ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193106 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192108/1&agg=rss C. S. Tan, D. F. Lim, S. G. Singh, S. K. Goulet, and M. Bergkvist<br/> Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of 1-hexanethiol is applied on copper (Cu) surface to retard surface oxidation during exposure in the ambient. This SAM layer can be desorbed effectively with an annealing step in inert N ambient to provide a clean Cu surface. Using this passivation method with SAM, wa ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192108 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191109/1&agg=rss H. S. Lee, S. Kiravittaya, S. Kumar, J. D. Plumhof, L. Balet et al.<br/> The authors demonstrate a simple method to achieve local tuning of optical modes in GaAs photonic crystal nanocavities by continuous wave laser-assisted oxidation in air atmosphere. By irradiation with a focused laser beam at power levels of a few tens of milliwatts, photonic crystal nanocavity mode ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191109 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/194102/1&agg=rss K. Murali, I. Rajamohamed, Sudeshna Sinha, William L. Ditto, and Adi R. Bulsara<br/> It was shown recently [Murali et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 104101 (2009)] that when one presents two square waves as input to a two-state system, the response of the system can produce a logical output (NOR/OR) with a probability controlled by the interplay between the system noise and the nonlinea ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 194102 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193107/1&agg=rss Tetsuya Tohei, Teruyasu Mizoguchi, Hidenori Hiramatsu, Yoichi Kamihara, Hideo Hosono et al.<br/> We report direct observation of fluorine ion dopants in the recently discovered LaFeAsOF superconductor, where the doping is critical for the superconductivity. Employing spectroscopic imaging based on scanning transmission electron microscopy, the spatial distribution of the doped fluorine ions, wh ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193107 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193503/1&agg=rss Pradipta K. Nayak, Jongsu Jang, Changhee Lee, and Yongtaek Hong<br/> We report the effects of lithium (Li) doping on the performance and environmental stability of solution processed zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film transistors (TFTs). It was found that appropriate amount of Li doping significantly reduced the background conductivity of ZnO films and also improved the orie ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193503 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193301/1&agg=rss Yongbing Long<!--orlang--> (&#x9F99;&#x62E5;&#x5175;)<!--orlang--><br/> Optical simulations have been performed to investigate the performance of inverted organic solar cells with metal-mirror microcavity structure formed by central active layer sandwiched between semitransparent silver (Ag) cathode and thick Ag anode. Compared to nearly optimized noncavity devices with ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193301 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191903/1&agg=rss X. H. Li, H. Y. Xu, X. T. Zhang, Y. C. Liu, J. W. Sun et al.<br/> Local chemical states and thermal stabilities of N dopants in ZnO:N film are investigated by temperature-dependent x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Different types of N local states are detected, including N molecules occupying O sites [(N)], NO species, substitutional N atoms in O- and N-rich loca ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191903 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193105/1&agg=rss X. B. Yang, C. S. Guo, and R. Q. Zhang<br/> We report a prediction of enhanced surface passivation doping effect in silicon nanowires (SiNWs) by phosphorus adsorption based on first-principles calculations. Recent theoretical and experimental studies all showed that hydrogen-passivated SiNWs present typical p-type characteristic due to charge ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193105 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193702/1&agg=rss T. E. Gomez Alvarez-Arenas, D. Sancho-Knapik, J. J. Peguero-Pina, and E. Gil-Pelegrin<br/> Plant leaves are studied by the analysis of the magnitude and phase spectra of their thickness mechanical resonances. These resonances appear at ultrasonic frequencies and have been excited and sensed using air-coupled ultrasounds. In spite of the complex leaf microstructure, the effective medium ap ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193702 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193104/1&agg=rss A. Vomiero, I. Concina, M. M. Natile, E. Comini, G. Faglia et al.<br/> An innovative nanonetwork composed of TiO nanoparticles and single-crystalline ZnO nanowires is demonstrated as efficient photoanode in excitonic solar cells. Such architecture benefits of the capability of high sensitizer loading offered by the nanoparticles and of the direct conduction path for el ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193104 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192503/1&agg=rss Hironaru Murakami, Ryohei Kitamura, Iwao Kawayama, and Masayoshi Tonouchi<br/> The properties of an YBaCuO superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) have been evaluated magneto-optically and electrically. It was found that the operating characteristics of the SQUID observed by means of the magneto-optical (MO) method show a good consistency with those measured by the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192503 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/194101/1&agg=rss Manas Shah, Victor Pryamitsyn, and Venkat Ganesan<br/> We present a model for photovoltaic device characteristics based on drift-diffusion ideas which allows for prescription of arbitrary morphologies of donor and acceptor phases while simultaneously incorporating the role of anisotropic charge transport of holes and excitons. We use such a model to add ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 194101 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191108/1&agg=rss O. Popov, V. Lirtsman, and D. Davidov<br/> We report on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) from a polymer waveguide film containing laser dye molecules (active layer) excited by surface plasmon. The polymer waveguide is deposited on an intermediate polymer layer on top of a metal film on a prism, forming a planar KretschmannRaether configu ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191108 (2009)] published Wed Nov 11, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192104/1&agg=rss Haiying He, Ravindra Pandey, J. Ulises Reveles, Shiv N. Khanna, and Shashi P. Karna<br/> Quantum transport through molecules and the possibility to manipulate spin has generated tremendous excitement. Here, we demonstrate unusual spin transport through a molecule of two CsV magnetic superatoms. Calculations based on density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green's function methods f ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192104 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191106/1&agg=rss F. Becker, M. Langner, H. Frob, V. G. Lyssenko, K. Leo et al.<br/> We present an in-depth analysis of the angle and mode tuning dependence of the polarization splitting in detuned organic microcavities. The system consists of highly reflecting dielectric mirrors comprising a continuous wedge-shaped cavity layer of 4,4-bis(N-carbazole)-biphenyl, doped with 2 wt % o ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191106 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191901/1&agg=rss Kaiyu Cui, Yidong Huang, Gengyan Zhang, Yongzhuo Li, Xuan Tang et al.<br/> We proposed and fabricated a double-slots photonic crystal waveguides (PCWGs) structure formed by introducing two slots into PCWGs with air-bridge structure on silicon-on-insulator substrate. The mode characteristics of double-slots PCWGs were investigated theoretically and experimentally. The trans ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191901 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192501/1&agg=rss K. Iida, J. Hanisch, R. Huhne, F. Kurth, M. Kidszun et al.<br/> Ba(FeCo)As superconducting thin films have been grown on SrTiO, (La,Sr)(Al,Ta)O, LaAlO, and YAlO (YAO) single crystal substrates by pulsed laser deposition. All the films, except on YAO, have been grown epitaxially without buffer layers. The films deposited on YAO contained 45 degrees in-plane rota ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192501 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191902/1&agg=rss N. G. C. Astrath, F. B. G. Astrath, J. Shen, J. Zhou, K. H. Michaelian et al.<br/> The temperature dependence of thermo-optical and photochemical reaction properties of hydrocarbon fuels is investigated using thermal lens spectroscopy. We consider the time dependence of the absorption coefficient due to the photoinduced chemical reaction (PCR) and species diffusion to evaluate non ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191902 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191105/1&agg=rss Martin F. Schubert, Qi Dai, Jiuru Xu, Jong Kyu Kim, and E. Fred Schubert<br/> Optical emission resulting from 405 nm selective photoexcitation of carriers in the GaInN/GaN quantum well (QW) active region of a light-emitting diode reveals two recombination channels. The first recombination channel is the recombination of photoexcited carriers in the GaInN QWs. The second recom ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191105 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192502/1&agg=rss S. Asmontas, F. Anisimovas, J. Gradauskas, A. Maneikis, O. KiprijanoviC et al.<br/> The magnetoresistive and electroresistive properties of thin nonhomogeneous LaCaMnO films have been investigated after thermocycling from 200 to 80 K. Highly resistive states with an additional low temperature resistance peak near 95 K were revealed in the films using probe currents as low as 1 [mu ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192502 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193103/1&agg=rss Kurtis S. Leschkies, Alan G. Jacobs, David J. Norris, and Eray S. Aydil<br/> External quantum efficiency in solar cells based on junctions between PbSe quantum dots (QDs) and thin ZnO films is increased by replacing the ZnO films with a vertically oriented array of single-crystalline ZnO nanowires, and infiltrating this array with colloidal QDs. When illuminated with 100 mW ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193103 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193102/1&agg=rss Lin Tang, Ze-Lei Guan, Dan Hao, Jin-Feng Jia, Xu-Cun Ma et al.<br/> The formation of surface Au/Pb alloys on a Pb-induced Si(111)-[square root of]3 x [square root of]3 surface is investigated using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Two types of alloy islands, compact and loose islands, have been observed. The former shows a long-range ordered 3 x 3-Au/Pb reconstr ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193102 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191107/1&agg=rss Xiu Liu, Chao Li, Kan Yao, Xiankun Meng, Wei Feng et al.<br/> We demonstrate the experimental realization of an invisibility cloak based on inductor-capacitor (L-C) transmission line (TL) networks. The anisotropic medium parameters of a cloak in the cylindrical basis are controlled independently by three branches of the L-C unit cell, which leads to a full-par ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191107 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192106/1&agg=rss Kun Tang, Shulin Gu, Shunming Zhu, Jiagao Liu, Hui Chen et al.<br/> In this letter, the authors performed a comprehensive study on suppression mechanism of compensation from nitrogen and carbon related complex defects in N-doped ZnO grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The chemical bonding information of donorlike substitutional complex defects, (NN) an ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192106 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193502/1&agg=rss Su Seok Choi, Flynn Castles, Stephen M. Morris, and Harry J. Coles<br/> A liquid crystal device is demonstrated using a short-pitch (260 nm) chiral nematic with negative dielectric anisotropy. Due to dielectric coupling, an in-plane electric field switches the liquid crystal between the standing-helix (field-off, dark state) and lying-helix (field-on, transmissive state ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193502 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192105/1&agg=rss A. Dixit, C. Sudakar, R. Naik, V. M. Naik, and G. Lawes<br/> We have investigated the structural, optical, and electrical properties of both as-grown and vacuum annealed InO thin films. In contrast to the insulating as-prepared samples, vacuum annealed InO films exhibit a metallic electrical conductivity with increased carrier concentration and mobility. We a ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192105 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192103/1&agg=rss Travis Dirks, Yung-Fu Chen, Norman O. Birge, and Nadya Mason<br/> We report results on superconducting tunneling spectroscopy of a carbon nanotube quantum dot. Using a three-probe technique that includes a superconducting tunnel probe, we map out changes in conductance due to band structure, excited states, and end-to-end bias. The superconducting probe allows us ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192103 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191104/1&agg=rss Qing-Ju Huang and Jian-Wen Chen<br/> Some photographs of laser-induced silicon plasma plume are obtained through synchronous photographs. The experimental results show that the plasma plume has different color properties at different areas. Each area of the plasma plume decreases gradually as gas pressure increases, and color becomes l ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191104 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192902/1&agg=rss L. Gunawan, S. Lazar, O. Gautreau, C. Harnagea, A. Pignolet et al.<br/> Atomic resolution high-angle annular dark-field imaging of La-doped bismuth titanate (BLT), BiLaTiO, has been carried out with an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope. The HAADF image revealed the presence of defects in the [BiO] layers and extra atomic rows between the [BiO] layers ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192902 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191103/1&agg=rss Andrius Zukauskas, Nicky Thilmann, Valdas Pasiskevicius, Fredrik Laurell, and Carlota Canalias<br/> We demonstrate high pattern-fidelity periodic poling of KTiOAsO at room temperature. The periodically poled crystal shows a d of 10.1 pm/V and is used in an optical parametric oscillator pumped at 1064 nm to generate parametric radiation at 1538 and 3452 nm with a conversion efficiency of 45%. ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191103 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192101/1&agg=rss Zhiwen Yang, Bin Wen, Roderick Melnik, Shan Yao, and Tingju Li<br/> Current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of different ZnO nanostructures were studied using a combined nonequilibrium Green's function and density functional theory techniques with the two-probe model. It was found that I-V characteristics of ZnO nanostructures depend strongly on their geometry. For wu ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192101 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193701/1&agg=rss Drew P. Pulsifer, Akhlesh Lakhtakia, and Raul J. Martin-Palma<br/> The conformal-evaporated-film-by-rotation (CEFR) technique, a bioreplication method to produce high-fidelity conformal coatings on biotemplates by oblique-angle deposition, was modified to improve the uniformity of coating thickness. The substrate holding the biotemplate was rocked, in addition to r ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193701 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192102/1&agg=rss A. Matulionis, J. Liberis, I. Matulioniene, M. Ramonas, E. Sermuksnis et al.<br/> Decay of nonequilibrium longitudinal optical (LO) phonons is investigated at room temperature in two-dimensional electron gas channels confined in nearly lattice-matched InAlN/AlN/GaN structures. A nonmonotonous dependence of the LO-phonon lifetime on the supplied electric power is reported for the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192102 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191102/1&agg=rss Alexei Altoukhov, Jacques Levrat, Eric Feltin, Jean-Francois Carlin, Antonino Castiglia et al.<br/> The authors report on the achievement of a vertically oriented three pair airgap/GaN distributed Bragg reflector realized by controlled oxidation and wet-chemical etching of AlInN sacrificial layers. Microreflectivity measurements exhibit high peak reflectivity values of 87% around 500 nm after the ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191102 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191501/1&agg=rss E. Jerby, A. Golts, Y. Shamir, S. Wonde, J. B. A. Mitchell et al.<br/> A plasma column ejected directly from solid copper by localized microwaves is studied. The effect stems from an induced hotspot that melts and emits ionized copper vapors as a confined fire column. Nanoparticles of ~20120 nm size were revealed in the ejected column by in situ small-angle x-ray scat ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191501 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193501/1&agg=rss V. Beyer, B. Schmidt, K.-H. Heinig, and K.-H. Stegemann<br/> Light emitting field effect transistors based on narrow layers of silicon nanocrystals (NCs) in the gate oxide were fabricated. Direct quantum mechanical electron and hole tunneling into NCs was achieved by self-alignment of NCs-interface-distances to ~2 nm. The direct tunneling reduces oxide degra ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193501 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/193101/1&agg=rss L. Gaudreau, A. Kam, G. Granger, S. A. Studenikin, P. Zawadzki et al.<br/> In this paper, we report on a tunable few electron lateral triple quantum dot design. The quantum dot potentials are arranged in series. The device is aimed at studies of triple quantum dot properties where knowing the exact number of electrons is important as well as quantum information application ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 193101 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/192901/1&agg=rss Jiagang Wu, Guangqing Kang, and John Wang<br/> Multiferroic bilayered thin films consisting of [(BiNa)Ba]TiO (BNBT) and BiFeO (BFO) nanolayers were successfully grown on Pt/TiO/SiO/Si substrates via a combined sol-gel and radio frequency sputtering route. The bilayered BFO/BNBT thin film with (110) orientation and dense texture exhibits excellen ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 192901 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/95/191101/1&agg=rss Q. Cao, S. F. Yoon, C. Z. Tong, C. Y. Ngo, C. Y. Liu et al.<br/> The competition of ground state (GS) and excited state (ES) is investigated from the as-grown and thermally annealed 1.3 [mu]m ten-layer p-doped InAs/GaAs quantum dot (QD) lasers. The modal gain competition between GS and ES are measured and analyzed around the ES threshold characteristics. Our res ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 191101 (2009)] published Mon Nov 9, 2009.