APL: Interdisciplinary and General Physics http://scitation.aip.org/ APL: Interdisciplinary and General Physics Slip boundary for fluid flow at rough solid surfaces http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/074102/1&agg=rss Yongping Chen, Chengbin Zhang, Mingheng Shi, and George P. Peterson<br/> A molecular dynamics simulation of slip boundary for fluid flow past a solid surface incorporating roughness effect as characterized by fractal geometry has been conducted with a focus on the origin of slip, fluid structure, and slip boundary flow. The results indicate that interfacial slip develops ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 074102 (2012)] published Mon Feb 13, 2012. Quasimonoenergetic electron beams from laser wakefield acceleration in pure nitrogen http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/074101/1&agg=rss M. Z. Mo, A. Ali, S. Fourmaux, P. Lassonde, J. C. Kieffer et al.<br/> Quasimonoenergetic electron beams with maximum energy >0.5 GeV and 2 mrad divergence have been generated in pure nitrogen gas via wakefield acceleration with 80 TW, 30 fs laser pulses. Long low energy tail features were typically observed due to continuous ionization injection. The measured peak ele ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 074101 (2012)] published Mon Feb 13, 2012. Characterization of cluster/monomer ratio in pulsed supersonic gas jets http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/064101/1&agg=rss X. Gao, X. Wang, B. Shim, A. V. Arefiev, R. Korzekwa et al.<br/> We determine cluster mass fraction f(r,t) at position r within, and time t after firing, a pulsed supersonic gas jet by measuring femtosecond evolution of the jet's refractive index by single-shot frequency domain holography. A fs pump pulse singly ionizes monomers, while quasi-statically ionizing a ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 064101 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012. Plasma resonances in a microwave-driven microdischarge http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/064102/1&agg=rss J. Xue, R. S. Urdahl, and J. E. Cooley<br/> This work investigates resonances in a capacitively coupled, low pressure krypton microdischarge operated at 2.5 GHz. A circuit model for the device, which has a length dimension of approximately 1 mm, calculates impedance values for a range of electron densities. The model results predict several p ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 064102 (2012)] published Wed Feb 8, 2012. Tailoring of electro-optical properties of ferroelectric liquid crystals by doping Pd nanoparticles http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/054102/1&agg=rss A. Kumar, G. Singh, T. Joshi, G. K. Rao, A. K. Singh et al.<br/> We demonstrate here the tailoring of electro-optical properties of ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) by doping different concentrations of Selenium Docosane (SD) capped palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs). The operating voltage is lowered by ~50% in doped FLC as compared to undoped one. The remarkabl ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 054102 (2012)] published Thu Feb 2, 2012. Thermally induced secondary atomization of droplet in an acoustic field http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/054101/1&agg=rss Saptarshi Basu, Abhishek Saha, and Ranganathan Kumar<br/> We study the thermal effects that lead to instability and break up in acoustically levitated vaporizing fuel droplets. For selective liquids, atomization occurs at the droplet equator under external heating. Short wavelength [Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH)] instability for diesel and bio-diesel droplets trig ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 054101 (2012)] published Wed Feb 1, 2012. Decreasing high ion energy during transition in pulsed inductively coupled plasmas http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/044105/1&agg=rss Ankur Agarwal, Phillip J. Stout, Samer Banna, Shahid Rauf, and Ken Collins<br/> Pulsed RF plasmas sustained in electronegative gas mixtures are increasingly being employed for plasma etching at future technological nodes. During the plasma transition from the afterglow to the active-glow, ion energies at the wafer can substantially increase due to the high voltage required to d ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 044105 (2012)] published Fri Jan 27, 2012. Efficient second harmonic generation in a metamaterial with two resonant modes coupled through two varactor diodes http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/044103/1&agg=rss Toshihiro Nakanishi, Yasuhiro Tamayama, and Masao Kitano<br/> We present an effective method to generate second harmonic (SH) waves using nonlinear metamaterial composed of coupled split ring resonators (CSRRs) with varactor (variable capacitance) diodes. The CSRR structure has two resonant modes: a symmetric mode that resonates at the fundamental frequency an ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 044103 (2012)] published Thu Jan 26, 2012. Negative differential thermal conductance through vacuum http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/044104/1&agg=rss Linxiao Zhu, Clayton R. Otey, and Shanhui Fan<br/> We propose a scheme for achieving negative differential thermal conductance in near-field electromagnetic thermal transfer. As an example, we show that the scheme can be implemented with two slabs of silicon carbide brought in close proximity to each other. We also describe how a bistable thermal sw ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 044104 (2012)] published Thu Jan 26, 2012. Electron energy distribution function and plasma parameters across magnetic filters http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/044102/1&agg=rss A. Aanesland, J. Bredin, P. Chabert, and V. Godyak<br/> The electron energy distribution function (EEDF) is measured across a magnetic filter in inductively coupled plasmas. The measured EEDFs are found to be Maxwellian in the elastic energy range with the corresponding electron temperature monotonously decreasing along the positive gradient of the magne ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 044102 (2012)] published Tue Jan 24, 2012. Experimental studies of complex hydride YMnH on formation kinetics and x-ray absorption fine structure analyses http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/044101/1&agg=rss Motoaki Matsuo, Daiju Matsumura, Yasuo Nishihata, Guanqiao Li, Nao Hiyama et al.<br/> Formation kinetics of a complex hydride YMnH with [MnH] complex anion from a metal hydride YMnH was investigated in the temperature range between 373 K and 448 K under 25 MPa H. The time dependent of the YMnH formation fraction suggested that the formation kinetics are controlled by random nucleatio ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 044101 (2012)] published Tue Jan 24, 2012. Modeling the quantum efficiency of controlled porosity dispenser photocathodes http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/034102/1&agg=rss Z. Pan, K. Jensen, and P. O'Shea<br/> A theoretical model of diffusion, evaporation, and rejuvenation of cesium on the surface of a controlled porosity dispenser photocathode is developed. The model applies a novel hexagonal meshgrid for increased numerical accuracy. For activation temperatures within the range of 400 K1000 K, simulatio ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 034102 (2012)] published Fri Jan 20, 2012. Investigation of atypical molten pool dynamics in tungsten carbide-cobalt during laser deposition using in-situ thermal imaging http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/034101/1&agg=rss Yuhong Xiong, William H. Hofmeister, John E. Smugeresky, Jean-Pierre Delplanque, and Julie M. Schoenung<br/> An atypical swirling phenomenon observed during the laser deposition of tungsten carbide-cobalt cermets by laser engineered net shaping (LENS) was studied using in-situ high-speed thermal imaging. To provide fundamental insight into this phenomenon, the thermal behavior of pure cobalt during LENS wa ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 034101 (2012)] published Wed Jan 18, 2012. Evolution of nanoscale roughness in Cu/SiO and Cu/Ta interfaces http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/024106/1&agg=rss Andrew P. Warren, Tik Sun, Bo Yao, Katayun Barmak, Michael F. Toney et al.<br/> Synchrotron x-ray scattering was used to study the evolution of interface roughness with annealing for a series of Cu thin films. The films were encapsulated in SiO or Ta/SiO and prepared by sputter deposition. Specular x-ray reflectivity was used to determine the root mean square roughness for both ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 024106 (2012)] published Thu Jan 12, 2012. Acoustic dipole radiation based conductivity image reconstruction for magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/024105/1&agg=rss Xiaodong Sun, Feng Zhang, Qingyu Ma, Juan Tu, and Dong Zhang<br/> Based on the acoustic dipole radiation theory, a tomograhic conductivity image reconstruction algorithm is developed for the magnetoacoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) in a cylindrical measurement configuration. It has been experimentally proved for a tissue-like phantom that not on ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 024105 (2012)] published Wed Jan 11, 2012. Directed jetting from collapsing cavities exposed to focused ultrasound http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/024104/1&agg=rss B. Gerold, P. Glynne-Jones, C. McDougall, D. McGloin, S. Cochran et al.<br/> We demonstrate directed jetting from pulsed laser-induced cavities subjected to a burst of focused ultrasound. Alignment of the ultrasound focus and the pressure amplitudes in the vicinity of the cavity dictate the direction and length of the resulting jet, respectively. We interpret our observation ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 024104 (2012)] published Wed Jan 11, 2012. Performance of a piezoelectric energy harvester driven by air flow http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/024103/1&agg=rss C. A. Kitio Kwuimy, G. Litak, M. Borowiec, and C. Nataraj<br/> A turbulent wind source for possible energy harvesting is considered. To increase the amplitude of vibration, we apply a magnetopiezoelastic oscillator having a double well Duffing potential. The output voltage response of the system for different level of wind excitations is analyzed. The energy ha ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 024103 (2012)] published Wed Jan 11, 2012. Coupling effects in inductive discharges with radio frequency substrate biasing http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/024102/1&agg=rss J. Schulze, E. Schungel, and U. Czarnetzki<br/> Low pressure inductively coupled plasmas (ICP) operated in neon at 27.12 MHz with capacitive substrate biasing (CCP) at 13.56 MHz are investigated by phase resolved optical emission spectroscopy, voltage, and current measurements. Three coupling mechanisms are found potentially limiting the separate ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 024102 (2012)] published Tue Jan 10, 2012. X-ray diagnostics of runaway electrons generated during nanosecond discharge in gas at elevated pressures http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/024101/1&agg=rss S. Yatom, D. Levko, J. Z. Gleizer, V. Vekselman, and Ya. E. Krasik<br/> The properties of high-energy runaway electrons generated during a nanosecond discharge in an air filled diode at pressures up to 3 x 10Pa were studied using x-ray absorption spectroscopy. The results of studies of the discharge at different pressures and with different lengths of cathode-anode ga ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 024101 (2012)] published Mon Jan 9, 2012. Photoemission microscopy study of the two metal-insulator transitions in Cr-doped VO http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/014108/1&agg=rss B. Mansart, A. Barinov, P. Dudin, L. Baldassarre, A. Perucchi et al.<br/> We present a spectromicroscopy study of the two distinct metal-insulator transitions in (VCr)O, x = 0.011. The coexistence of metallic and insulating domains was observed with scanning photoelectron microscopy for both the paramagnetic insulator-paramagnetic metal and paramagnetic metal-antiferromag ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 014108 (2012)] published Fri Jan 6, 2012. Actuation and tracking of a single magnetic particle on a chip http://link.aip.org/link/?APL/100/014107/1&agg=rss Philipp Rinklin, Hans-Joachim Krause, and Bernhard Wolfrum<br/> We present the defined actuation of a single magnetic particle on a crossbar array chip. Two orthogonal layers of parallel microwires are used to generate highly localized magnetic field gradients for particle trapping and movement. We introduce an analytical model to simulate the actuation of the p ... [Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 014107 (2012)] published Thu Jan 5, 2012.