Journal of Applied Physics: All Topics

Mechanism of Na-doped p-type ZnO films: Suppressing Na interstitials by codoping with H and Na of appropriate concentrations

S. S. Lin, H. P. He, Y. F. Lu, and Z. Z. Ye
Hydrogen is codoped with sodium into ZnO films. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy indicate that the Na concentration decreases as the substrate temperature increases. Hall-effect tests reveal a transition from n-type to p-type conduction when the growth temperature ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093508 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Numerical model and study of cascaded third harmonic generation in two-sectioned a periodically poled Mg-doped LiTaO structure

Oleg A. Louchev and Satoshi Wada
The feasibility of cascaded second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG) in a monolithic two-sectioned periodically poled lithium tantalate crystal is analyzed. Simulation using a computational nonlinear optical model rigorously coupled with a thermal model suggests that 25%3 ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093106 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Reactive Ni/Ti nanolaminates

D. P. Adams, M. A. Rodriguez, J. P. McDonald, M. M. Bai, E. Jones, Jr. et al.
Nickel/titanium nanolaminates fabricated by sputter deposition exhibited rapid, high-temperature synthesis. When heated locally, self-sustained reactions were produced in freestanding Ni/Ti multilayer foils characterized by average propagation speeds between ~0.1 and 1.4 m/s. The speed of a propagat ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093505 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Electron transport properties of antimony doped SnO single crystalline thin films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy

M. E. White, O. Bierwagen, M. Y. Tsai, and J. S. Speck
By antimony doping tin oxide, SnO:Sb (ATO), below 1.0% Sb concentration, controllable n-type doping was realized. Plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy has been used to grow high quality single crystalline epitaxial thin films of unintentionally doped (UID) and Sb-doped SnO on r-plane sapphire subs ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093704 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Effect of ultraviolet irradiation on luminescence properties of undoped ZnS and ZnS:Ag nanoparticles

Hua Qu, Lixin Cao, Ge Su, Wei Liu, Yuanguang Sun et al.
Undoped ZnS and ZnS:Ag nanoparticles have been prepared through hydrothemal synthesis. The changes of luminescence properties induced by ultraviolet irradiation have been investigated. For both samples, the initial slight increase in luminescence is ascribed to the fast electron filling, while the s ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093506 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Investigation of doped calcium aluminosilicate glass: A coupling between thermal-expansion and thermal-diffusion models for assessment of nonradiative relaxation time and characteristic diffusion time

N. E. Souza Filho, A. C. Nogueira, J. H. Rohling, M. L. Baesso, A. N. Medina et al.
This paper discusses the use of photoacoustic models to obtain the nonradiative relaxation time (tau) and characteristic diffusion time (tau) for a sample showing visible absorption bands from fluorescent ion-doped low-silica calcium aluminosilicate glass. Two models allowing phase shift analyses, t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093105 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

The combined influence of connectivity and disorder on J and T performances in MgB+10 wt % SiC

W. X. Li, R. Zeng, L. Lu, Y. Li, and S. X. Dou
The influences of connectivity and disorder on the critical current density J are discussed to clarify the different mechanisms of J(H) enhancement in different magnetic field ranges. Excess Mg in MgB+10 wt % SiC composites effectively improves the connectivity, as evidenced by both the resistivit ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093906 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

How to measure quantum yields in scattering media: Application to the quantum yield measurement of fluorescein molecules encapsulated in sub-100 nm silica particles

M. Martini, M. Montagna, M. Ou, O. Tillement, S. Roux et al.
Dye quantum yield is generally measured using the method of Williams, which consists in comparing the absorbance and the emission of the dye to test with those of a reference. Unfortunately, this method is no more applicable when the sample presents some significant scattering which is, for instance ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094304 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Chemical engineering of prehydrogenated C and BN-sheets by Li: Application in hydrogen storage

Mohammad Khazaei, Mohammad Saeed Bahramy, Natarajan Sathiyamoorthy Venkataramanan, Hiroshi Mizuseki, and Yoshiyuki Kawazoe
Our first-principles calculations show that if the hydrogen atoms on one of the faces of a graphane sheet (prehydrogenated graphene) are substituted with Li atoms, the resulting monolayer attains a good hydrogen storage capacity of around 3.8 wt % close to the revised Department of Energy (DOE) targ ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094303 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Optically active Er ions in SiO codoped with Si nanoclusters

D. Navarro-Urrios, Y. Lebour, O. Jambois, B. Garrido, A. Pitanti et al.
Optical properties of directly excited erbium (Er) ions have been studied in silicon rich silicon oxide materials codoped with Er. The spectral dependence of the direct excitation cross section (sigma) of the Er atomic I-->I transition (around 0.98 [mu]m) has been measured by time resolved [mu]-pho ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093107 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Two-dimensional GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice structures for solar cell applications: Ultimate efficiency estimation

Jaroslaw W. Klos and Maciej Krawczyk
We calculate the band structure of a two-dimensional GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice and estimate the ultimate efficiency of solar cells using this type of structure for solar energy conversion. The superlattice under consideration consists of gallium arsenide rods forming a square lattice and embedded in ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093703 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Optimization of photonics for corrugated thin-film solar cells

Olivier Deparis, Jean Pol Vigneron, Otto Agustsson, and Daniel Decroupet
The amount of solar energy reaching the active (photovoltaic) layer in a thin-film solar cell can be increased by reducing the Fresnel reflection losses at the interfaces. By using corrugated interfaces (at the wavelength scale), adiabatic propagation of the electromagnetic radiation is achieved ove ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094505 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Nanoindentation-induced phase transformation in relaxed and unrelaxed ion-implanted amorphous germanium

D. J. Oliver, J. E. Bradby, S. Ruffell, J. S. Williams, and P. Munroe
We have investigated nanoindentation-induced plastic deformation in amorphous germanium (a-Ge) prepared by high-energy self-ion implantation. Using cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and force-displacement curve analysis, we find strong evidence for a pressur ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093509 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Reaction pathway analysis for dislocation nucleation from a Ni surface step

Shotaro Hara, Satoshi Izumi, and Shinsuke Sakai
Threshold strain required for a thermally activated dislocation nucleation from a Ni surface step has been measured using an atomistic-based reaction pathway analysis. We show that the saddle-point configuration and the stress-dependent activation energy are strongly influenced by the presence of a ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093507 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

On the shock response of cubic metals

N. K. Bourne, G. T. Gray, III, and J. C. F. Millett
The response of four cubic metals to shock loading is reviewed in order to understand the effects of microstructure on continuum response. Experiments are described that link defect generation and storage mechanisms at the mesoscale to observations in the bulk. Four materials were reviewed; these we ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 091301 (2009)] published Fri Nov 6, 2009.

Surface modification of magnetic recording media by filtered cathodic vacuum arc

H.-S. Zhang and K. Komvopoulos
Surface modification of a magnetic recording medium was accomplished by filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA). The carbon overcoat of thin-film disks was removed by Ar ion sputter etching in vacuum to prevent oxidation of the exposed magnetic medium, which was then modified by FCVA carbon plasma under ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093504 (2009)] published Thu Nov 5, 2009.

Initial growth process of carbon nanowalls synthesized by radical injection plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Shingo Kondo, Shinji Kawai, Wakana Takeuchi, Koji Yamakawa, Shoji Den et al.
We synthesized carbon nanowalls (CNWs) using radical injection plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The initial growth process of CNWs was investigated with and without O gas addition to a CF capacitively coupled plasma with H radical injection. In the case of the CNW synthesis without the add ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094302 (2009)] published Thu Nov 5, 2009.

Degradation mechanisms of organic ferroelectric field-effect transistors used as nonvolatile memory

Tse Nga Ng (吳子雅), Beverly Russo, and Ana Claudia Arias
Organic ferroelectric field-effect transistors were fabricated by inkjet printing for use as nonvolatile memory. Changes in device hysteresis were measured for 7 days to determine the limiting properties that restrict memory retention time. It was found that shifts in threshold voltage contributed t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094504 (2009)] published Thu Nov 5, 2009.

Study of the oxidation state and the structural aspects of the V-doped TiO

K. Bhattacharyya, S. Varma, A. K. Tripathi, D. Bhattacharyya, O. Mathon et al.
A modified sol-gel method for synthesizing vanadium doped titania is being reported. These materials were thoroughly characterized for their oxidation states by electron paramagnetic resonance and x-ray absorption near edge structure and the local environment of the V-atom were investigated by the x ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093503 (2009)] published Thu Nov 5, 2009.

Electronic structure of acceptor defects in (Zn,Mn)O and (Zn,Mn)(O,N)

O. Mounkachi, A. Benyoussef, A. El Kenz, E. H. Saidi, and E. K. Hlil
Using first-principles density functional calculations, we study the electronic structure and magnetic properties of Mn-doped ZnO, wurtzite crystal structure, with various defects. This allows to understand and to explain the half-metallicity and the ferromagnetism stability, observed in Mn-doped Zn ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093905 (2009)] published Thu Nov 5, 2009.

Surface electronic property of SiC correlated with NO adsorption

Muhammad Qazi, Jie Liu, M. V. S. Chandrashekhar, and Goutam Koley
Correlations between surface electronic properties of SiC and NO adsorption were investigated using electrostatic force potentiometry. It was observed that surface work function (SWF) of both 6H and 3CSiC changes significantly with NO adsorption. Measurements on semi-insulating 6HSiC revealed that t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094901 (2009)] published Thu Nov 5, 2009.

Spectroscopic determination of the doping and mobility of terahertz quantum cascade structures

J. Lloyd-Hughes, Y. L. Delley, G. Scalari, M. Fischer, V. Liverini et al.
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is shown to provide a convenient and rapid means to measure the conductivity of individual layers in semiconductor heterostructures such as terahertz quantum cascade lasers. By modeling the complex transmission at terahertz frequencies, the electron density and the ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093104 (2009)] published Thu Nov 5, 2009.

Structure and electrical properties of double perovskite Sr(NiMo)O ceramics

Anurak Prasatkhetragarn, Piyachon Ketsuwan, Santi Maensiri, Rattikorn Yimnirun, Chien-Chih Huang et al.
The double perovskite Sr(NiMo)O has been prepared with solid-state reaction and was characterized by x-ray diffraction technique. It has been indicated that the single phase is formed at 1300 degrees C in air. The compound undergoes a phase transition at 280 degrees C, where the structure of the ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094105 (2009)] published Wed Nov 4, 2009.

Anomalous thermoelectric power of overdoped BiSrCaCuO superconductor

V. P. S. Awana, Jagdish Kumar Bains, G. S. Okram, Ajay Soni, P. K. Ahluwalia et al.
All the samples possess single-phase character and their superconducting transition temperatures (T) are 85, 90, and 72 K, respectively for Bi2212-MQ, Bi2212-N, and Bi2212-O. Though the Bi2212-MQ and Bi2212-N samples are in near optimum doping regime, the Bi2212-O is an overdoped sample. T values ob ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 096102 (2009)] published Wed Nov 4, 2009.

Sintering and crystallization behavior of CaMgSiONaFeSiO based glass-ceramics

Ashutosh Goel, Anna Maria Ferrari, Ishu Kansal, Maria J. Pascual, Luisa Barbieri et al.
We report on the synthesis, sintering, and crystallization behaviors of a glass with a composition corresponding to 90 mol % CaMgSiO10 mol % NaFeSiO. The investigated glass composition crystallized superficially immediately after casting of the melt and needs a high cooling rate (rapid quenching ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093502 (2009)] published Wed Nov 4, 2009.

Barrier width dependence of the donor binding energy of hydrogenic impurity in wurtzite InGaN/GaN quantum dot

Congxin Xia, Zaiping Zeng, and Shuyi Wei
Within the framework of the effective-mass approximation, the barrier width dependence of the donor binding energy of hydrogenic impurity in a cylindrical wurtzite (WZ) InGaN/GaN strained quantum dot (QD) is calculated by means of a variational procedure, considering the strong built-in electric fie ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094301 (2009)] published Wed Nov 4, 2009.

Modeling the flux of high energy negative ions during reactive magnetron sputtering

S. Mahieu, W. P. Leroy, K. Van Aeken, and D. Depla
The negative ion flux during reactive sputtering from planar and rotating cylindrical magnetrons has been studied. Energy resolved mass spectrometry was used to measure the energy and mass distribution of the negative ions. Also the angular distribution of the high energy ions was characterized for ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093302 (2009)] published Wed Nov 4, 2009.

Spectrally narrowed edge emission from leaky waveguide modes in organic light-emitting diodes

Zhengqing Gan, Yun Tian, David W. Lynch, Ji-hun Kang, Q-Han Park et al.
A dramatic spectral line narrowing of the edge emission at room temperature from tris(quinolinolate) Al (Alq), N,N-diphenyl-N,N-bis(1-naphthylphenyl)-1,1-biphenyl-4,4-diamine (NPD), 4,4-bis(2,2-diphenyl-vinyl)-,1-biphenyl (DPVBi), and some guest-host small molecular organic light-emitting diodes (OL ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094502 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Structural and optical properties of ZnMnO/ZnO core-shell nanowires designed by pulsed laser deposition

V. E. Kaydashev, E. M. Kaidashev, M. Peres, T. Monteiro, M. R. Correia et al.
Core-shell ZnO/ZnMnO nanowires on a-AlO and GaN (buffer layer)/Si (111) substrates were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition using a Au catalyst. Two ZnO targets with a Mn content of 10% were sintered at 1150 and 550 degrees C in order to achieve the domination in them of paramagnetic MnO and ferr ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093501 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Improving Levine model for dielectric constants of transition metal compounds

C. Li, J. C. Li, J. S. Lian, and Q. Jiang
The density of states and optical properties of several transition metal compounds have been simulated using local density approximations+U. Results show that s electrons of nontransition elements in the compounds cannot be considered to have the same contribution on the number of valence electrons. ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094102 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Impact of a surface laser treatment on the dielectric strength of alpha-alumina

Michael Decup, David Malec, and Vincent Bley
The impact of laser treatments on the dielectric strength of alpha-alumina is investigated. In order to induce low surface modifications to strong damages, different laser processing parameters (fluence, assisting gas and its pressure, and laser wavelength) are applied. The experimental results clea ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094103 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Diffracted magneto-optical Kerr effect of a Ni magnetic grating

J. B. Kim, Y. H. Lu, M. H. Cho, Y. P. Lee, J. Y. Rhee et al.
We report the results of a joint experimental and theoretical investigation focused on the magneto-optical (MO) properties of one-dimensional magnetic grating structure made of Ni. It was found that the longitudinal Kerr rotation of the second-order diffracted beam is nearly three times larger than ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093103 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Platinum Schottky contacts on single-crystal ZnO with hydrogen peroxide treatment

Chia-Hung Tsai, Shi-Xiong Lin, Chen-I Hung, Chien-Chih Liu, and Mau-Phon Houng
Platinum (Pt) Schottky contacts (SCs) on hydrothermal grown Zn-terminated (0001) ZnO substrates with the different hydrogen peroxide (HO) treatment time are investigated. Under the treatment in room temperature, effective SCs are made for 45 min and longer time and the electrical characteristics sho ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093702 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Correlated growth of organic material tris (8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) and its relation to optical properties

Bhargava R. Kanchibotla, K. Garre, and Deeder Aurongzeb
We report slow correlated growth mode in energetic cluster vapor deposited organic light emissive material tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum from 5 to 100 nm. Phase modulated atomic force microscopy shows very slow grain growth with thickness, with very small phase differences within the film. Fract ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 096101 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Evaluation of the charge density in the contact region of organic thin film transistors

P. Lara Bullejos, J. A. Jimenez Tejada, F. M. Gomez-Campos, M. J. Deen, and O. Marinov
This paper presents a procedure to evaluate the charge density in the low conductivity regions between the metal and the accumulated intrinsic channel of an organic thin film transistor (OTFT). This charge links different physical mechanisms in the contacts of OTFTs. The charge density is evaluated ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094503 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Electrocaloric effect in BaTiO thin films

Hai-Xia Cao and Zhen-Ya Li
The modified transverse Ising model taking into account the four-spin exchange interaction and quantum fluctuation, as well as the mechanical constraint of the substrate, is constructed and applied to investigate the electrocaloric effect (ECE) in BaTiO thin films. It is found that the temperature d ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094104 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Linear and nonlinear optical properties of ZnO/PMMA nanocomposite films

B. Kulyk, B. Sahraoui, O. Krupka, V. Kapustianyk, V. Rudyk et al.
The nanoscale crystals (NCs) of ZnO were embedded into polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) polymeric matrix and nanocomposite films were prepared by modified spin coating method. The surface of the ZnO/PMMA nanocomposite films has been investigated using atomic force and scanning electron microscopy. The ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093102 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009.

Composition influence on the physical and electrical properties of SrTiO-based metal-insulator-metal capacitors prepared by atomic layer deposition using TiN bottom electrodes

N. Menou, M. Popovici, S. Clima, K. Opsomer, W. Polspoel et al.
In this work, the physical and electrical properties of SrTiO (STO)-based metal-insulator-metal capacitors (MIMcaps) with various compositions are studied in detail. While most recent studies on STO were done on noblelike metal electrodes (Ru, Pt), this work focuses on a low temperature (250 degree ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094101 (2009)] published Mon Nov 2, 2009.

Hybrid organic/inorganic nanocomposite as a quasi-one-dimensional semiconductor under ambient conditions

P. Suresh Kumar, Sandeep Kumar, and V. Lakshminarayanan
We describe here a novel hybrid organic/inorganic nanocomposite of hexahexyloxytriphenylene (HAT6) which is a columnar discotic liquid crystal and gold tetrachloride, an inorganic dopant, showing enhanced dc and ac electrical conductivity by several orders of magnitude at ambient conditions vis-a-vi ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093701 (2009)] published Mon Nov 2, 2009.

Flux pinning of stress-induced magnetic inhomogeneity in the bilayers of YBaCuO/LaSrMnO

C. Z. Chen, C. B. Cai, L. Peng, B. Gao, F. Fan et al.
Elaborately designed bilayers consisting of epitaxial YBaCuO (YBCO) and LaSrMnO (LSMO) films were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition with respect to the investigation into magnetic-dependent vortex pinning effect. The improvement in the critical current density and a pronounced upward shift in th ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093902 (2009)] published Mon Nov 2, 2009.

Magnetic and optical anomalies in infinite-layer iron oxide CaFeO and BaFeO: A density functional theory investigation

Sheng Ju and Tian-Yi Cai
Based on density functional theory with the generalized gradient approximation plus on-site Coulomb repulsion method, we study the electronic, magnetic, and optical properties in infinite-layer iron oxide CaFeO and BaFeO. It is revealed that CaFeO possesses a P[overline 4]2m tetragonal symmetry. And ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093903 (2009)] published Mon Nov 2, 2009.

Characteristics of a micro dielectric barrier discharge ignited by a cold cathode with high ion-induced secondary electron emission for plasma display panel

Giichiro Uchida, Satoshi Uchida, Hiroshi Kajiyama, and Tsutae Shinoda
We present here measurements of plasma display panel (PDP) ignited by SrO and SrCaO cold cathodes with high yield of ion-induced secondary electron emission (high gamma). SrO- and SrCaO-cathode PDPs attain high luminous efficacy at low applied voltage, where the breakdown voltage is 30% lower than t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093301 (2009)] published Mon Nov 2, 2009.

In-field Mossbauer study of disordered surface spins in core/shell ferrite nanoparticles

E. C. Sousa, H. R. Rechenberg, J. Depeyrot, J. A. Gomes, R. Aquino et al.
Magnetization and Mossbauer spectroscopy measurements are performed at low temperature under high field, on nanoparticles with a nickel ferrite core and a maghemite shell. These nanoparticles present finite size and surface effects, together with exchange anisotropy. High field magnetization brings ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093901 (2009)] published Mon Nov 2, 2009.

Temperature dependence of buried channel ion sensitive field effect transistors

Roman Novitski, Hila Einati, and Yosi Shacham-Diamand
In this paper we describe the temperature dependence of buried channel (BC) ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET). The device response depends on the temperature; hence, temperature variations can cause erroneous readings. A theoretical model describing the temperature dependence of BC-ISFET ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 094501 (2009)] published Mon Nov 2, 2009.

Anomalous Hall effect measurement of novel magnetic multilayers

Seng-Kai Wong, Bing Hong Chia, Kumar Srinivasan, Randall Law, Ei-Leen Tan et al.
We have used the method of anomalous Hall effect (AHE) to characterize magnetic thin film structures consisting of both perpendicular (normal-to-plane) and longitudinal (in-plane) anisotropies. AHE enables the simultaneous extraction of the perpendicular and in-plane magnetizations. The method is us ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093904 (2009)] published Mon Nov 2, 2009.

Broadband mid-infrared generation by difference-frequency generation in strongly dispersive Bragg reflection waveguides

Ritwick Das and K. Thyagarajan
We present a novel scheme for generation of broadband mid-infrared (mid-IR) radiation using a quasiphase-matched difference-frequency-generation (DFG) process in a planar high index core symmetric Bragg reflection waveguide (BRW) geometry based on GaN/AlGaN system. By suitably tailoring the dispersi ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 093101 (2009)] published Mon Nov 2, 2009.

Transient ion ejection during nanocomposite thermite reactions

Lei Zhou, Nicholas Piekiel, Snehaunshu Chowdhury, Donggeun Lee, and Michael R. Zachariah
We observe an intense ion pulse from nanocomposite thermite reactions, which we temporally probe using a recently developed temperature jump/time of flight mass spectrometer. These ion pulses are observed to be much shorter in duration than the overall thermite reaction time. Ion ejection appears in ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083306 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009.

Dielectric and optical properties of Zr silicate thin films grown on Si(100) by atomic layer deposition

Dahlang Tahir, Eun Kyoung Lee, Suhk Kun Oh, Hee Jae Kang, Sung Heo et al.
Dielectric and optical properties of (ZrO)(SiO) dielectric thin films, grown on Si(100) by the atomic layer deposition method, were studied by means of reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS). The quantitative analysis of REELS spectra was carried out by using the quantitative analysis ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084108 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Dielectric elastomer membranes undergoing inhomogeneous deformation

Tianhu He, Xuanhe Zhao, and Zhigang Suo
Dielectric elastomers are capable of large deformation subject to an electric voltage and are promising for use as actuators, sensors, and generators. Because of large deformation, nonlinear equations of states, and diverse modes of failure, modeling the process of electromechanical transduction has ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083522 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Structural and magnetic properties of the molecular beam epitaxy grown MnSb layers on GaAs substrates

Krystyna Lawniczak-Jablonska, Anna Wolska, Jadwiga Bak-Misiuk, Elzbieta Dynowska, Przemyslaw Romanowski et al.
The structural and magnetic properties of MnSb layers grown on two differently oriented GaAs substrates are reported. The MnSb compounds grow nonhomogenously both on GaAs(111)B and on GaAs(100) substrates. In x-ray diffraction studies the formation of two epitaxial domains is observed depending on t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083524 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Time-resolved imaging of the laser forward transfer of liquids

M. Duocastella, J. M. Fernandez-Pradas, J. L. Morenza, and P. Serra
Time-resolved imaging is carried out to study the dynamics of the laser-induced forward transfer of an aqueous solution at different laser fluences. The transfer mechanisms are elucidated, and directly correlated with the material deposited at the analyzed irradiation conditions. It is found that th ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084907 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Influence of ultrathin AlN interlayer on the microstructure and the electrical transport properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures

J. Song, F. J. Xu, Z. L. Miao, Y. Wang, X. Q. Wang et al.
The microstructure and electrical properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures with various AlN thicknesses have been investigated. An optimum thickness of AlN interlayer can remarkably improve the microstructure of AlGaN barrier with the most uniform strain and the lowest density of threading dislocati ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083711 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Theoretical prediction of GaN nanostructure equilibrium and nonequilibrium shapes

Vibhu Jindal and Fatemeh Shahedipour-Sandvik
A wide variety of nanostructure shapes have been observed for GaN under different growth conditions. These shapes include but are not limited to hexagonal pyramid, prismatic, triangular cross-section nanowires, and arrow-headed shapes. Using Wulff's plot and kinetic Wulff's plot for GaN under thermo ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083115 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Tunable Talbot imaging distance using an array of beam-steered metamaterial leaky-wave antennas

J. S. Gomez-Diaz, A. Alvarez-Melcon, S. Gupta, and C. Caloz
A tunable spatio-temporal Talbot imaging phenomenon is presented. This phenomenon is based on the radiation properties of an array of beam-steered metamaterial composite right-/left-handed leaky-wave antennas, which is excited by a modulated pulse. The scanning law property of these antennas is expl ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084908 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Compressive creep behavior of an electric brush-plated nanocrystalline Cu at room temperature

Guoyong Wang, Jianshe Lian, Zhonghao Jiang, Liyuan Qin, and Qing Jiang
Creep tests were conducted on a nanocrystalline Cu at room temperature. The results at very low strain rates (<4 x 10 s) are consistent with Coble creep. An overall view of stress-strain rate behavior of this nanocrystalline Cu indicates that as the strain rate decreases, the deformation mechanism ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 086105 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Comment on Infrared absorption spectroscopy on OHNi complex in hydrothermally grown ZnO [J. Appl. Phys. 105, 093516 (2009)]

E. V. Lavrov and J. Weber
Li et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 105, 093516 (2009)] recently reported IR absorption study of hydrothermally grown ZnO. The authors investigated an IR absorption line at 2782.9 cm and assigned it to a local vibrational mode of an OHNi complex. This comment provides experimental evidences that the assignme ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 086104 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Formation of defects in boron nitride by low energy ion bombardment

R. Peter, A. Bozanic, M. Petravic, Y. Chen, L.-J. Fan et al.
Formation of defects in hexagonal and cubic boron nitride (h-BN and c-BN, respectively) under low-energy argon or nitrogen ion-bombardment has been studied by near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) around boron and nitrogen K-edges. Breaking of BN bonds for both argon and nitrogen bombar ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083523 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Simulation of the effect of viscosity on jet penetration into a single cavitating bubble

V. Minsier, J. De Wilde, and J. Proost
The dynamics of a cavitating bubble in a viscous liquid near a solid surface is numerically calculated. In the model, the two dimensional axisymmetric NavierStokes equations are solved for both the compressible gas phase and the incompressible liquid phase on a fixed Cartesian grid. The bubble-liqui ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084906 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Erratum: Effect of thermal processing on silver thin films of varying thickness deposited on zinc oxide and indium tin oxide [ J. Appl. Phys. 105, 063525 (2009)]

K. Sivaramakrishnan, A. T. Ngo, S. Iyer, and T. L. Alford
Abstract not available. [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 089901 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Size-dependent polymorphism in HfO nanotubes and nanoscale thin films

Michael Shandalov and Paul C. McIntyre
Many metal oxides exhibit size-dependent phase transitions among multiple polymorphs. In this work, the microstructure and crystallinity of ultrathin HfO films and utrathin-wall nanotubes were investigated by high-resolution electron microscopy and electron diffraction after high-temperature anneali ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084322 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Investigation of high Curie temperature (1x)BiScFeOxPbTiO piezoelectric ceramics

I. Sterianou, D. C. Sinclair, I. M. Reaney, T. P. Comyn, and A. J. Bell
Ceramics around the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in the (1x)BiScFeOxPbTiO solid solution were fabricated. For y=0.5, ceramics were single phase, and piezoelectric coefficients (d) and electromechanical coupling coefficients (k) for MPB compositions were 300 pC/N and 0.49, respectively; a level ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084107 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

2.7 [mu]m emission of Nd, Er codoped tellurite glass

Haiyang Zhong, Baojiu Chen, Guozhong Ren, Lihong Cheng, Li Yao et al.
In this paper, we report on the observation of enhanced 2.7 [mu]m midinfrared emission under 800 nm excitation in a Nd/Er codoped tellurite glass. It is also found that the green upconversion emissions from Er are effectively restricted, meanwhile the I level of Er is depopulated in the Nd/Er codop ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083114 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009.

Advantages of admittance spectroscopy over time-of-flight technique for studying dispersive charge transport in an organic semiconductor

K. K. Tsung and S. K. So
We show that admittance spectroscopy (AS) is a better technique than time of flight (TOF) to study the charge transport properties in dispersive materials. The hole transport properties of N,N-diphenyl-N,N-bis(1-naphthyl)(1,1-biphenyl)-4,4-diamine (NPB) doped with different traps were evaluated by A ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083710 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Optical nonlinear absorption characteristics of AgInSbTe phase change thin films

Jing Liu and Jingsong Wei
The AgInSbTe phase change thin films are very important as optical recording and the super-resolution mask materials in high density optical information storage. In this work, the effective nonlinear absorption coefficients of amorphous and crystalline AgInSbTe thin films were measured by the open-m ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083112 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Optical Thomson scatter from a laser-ablated magnesium plume

A. Delserieys, F. Y. Khattak, C. L. S. Lewis, and D. Riley
We have carried out an optical Thomson scatter study of a KrF laser-ablated Mg plume. The evolution of the electron temperature and density at distances 25 mm from the target surface has been studied. We have observed that the electron density falls more rapidly than the atomic density and believe ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083304 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Fabrication of nanocomposite using self-forming core/shell nanoparticles and its magnetic properties at up to gigahertz bands for high-frequency applications

Tomohiro Suetsuna, Seiichi Suenaga, Koichi Harada, and Maki Tomimatsu
A nanocomposite with a magnetic loss factor (tan delta=[mu]/[mu]) of less than 1% at up to 1 GHz was synthesized using self-forming core/shell nanoparticles of metal/oxide; these were concentrated to achieve a relative permeability ([mu]) of more than three. The self-forming core/shell nanoparticles ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084321 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Characterization of a CO/N/Ar supersonic flowing discharge

D. J. Drake, S. Popovic, and L. Vuskovic
In this paper we are presenting the full characterization of a supersonic flowing CO/N/Ar discharge at static pressures of 120 Torr and Mach number 2.15. In all aspects besides the flow speed and gas temperature, these conditions correspond to Martian entry plasma. Plasma parameters were determined ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083305 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Dynamic characterizations of high diffraction efficiency in volume Bragg grating formed by holographic photopolymerization

Haihui Pu, Dejin Yin, Bin Gao, Hongyue Gao, Haitao Dai et al.
Volume Bragg grating with 96% diffraction efficiency (DE) was efficiently formed by holographic photopolymerization in blend syrup of photocurable trimethylolpropane triacrylate monomer and nematic liquid crystal. The formation dynamics of the composite gratings was quantitatively characterized unde ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083111 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Two-dimensional numerical simulation of radio frequency sputter amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors

Tze-Ching Fung, Chiao-Shun Chuang, Charlene Chen, Katsumi Abe, Robert Cottle et al.
We reported on a two-dimensional simulation of electrical properties of the radio frequency (rf) sputter amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). The a-IGZO TFT used in this work has the following performance: field-effect mobility ([mu]) of ~12 cm/V s, threshold voltage (V) of ~1.1 ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084511 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Tuning birefringence by using two-dimensional photonic band structure

Xiao Xiao, Bo Hou, Weijia Wen, and Ping Sheng
Birefringence is an optical characteristic intrinsic to anisotropic materials. In the paper, we show the microwave birefringence can be tuned as a function of frequency by utilizing the band structures of a two-dimensional photonic crystal consisting of metallic cylinders arranged in a two-dimension ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 086103 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Photorefractive performance of polycarbazoylethylacrylate composites with photoconductive plasticizer

Naoto Tsutsumi and Wataru Miyazaki
Photorefractive quantities of diffraction efficiency, optical gain, and grating buildup speed were investigated for newly prepared polycarbazoylethylacrylate (PCzEA) composites with photoconductive plasticizer of carbazoylethylpropionate (CzEPA) in comparison with those with a commonly used plastici ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083113 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Possible mechanism of charge transport and dielectric relaxation in SrOBiOBO glasses

Koushik Majhi, K. B. R. Varma, and K. J. Rao
Transparent SrBiBO glasses were prepared via melt-quenching technique and characterized using differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray powder diffraction. The ac conductivities of the glasses were studied as a function of frequency (100 Hz10 MHz) at different temperatures. The frequency dependenc ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084106 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Effect of nucleated Cu phase on magnetic properties and electronic structures in bcc Fe: Ab initio study

Heechae Choi, Chiho Kim, and Yong-Chae Chung
Using the first-principles calculations, the change in magnetism and electronic structures during Cu nucleation in bcc Fe system was investigated. For modeling the Fe-rich bcc FeCu alloy, FeCu (x>=0.75) were employed in the supercell system. Nonmagnetic Cu atoms were precipitated on the (100) plane ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083910 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Optical properties in complex-structured nanometric quantum wells: Photoluminescence, photoluminescence excitation, and Stokes shift

A. A. P. Silva, Aurea. R. Vasconcellos, Roberto Luzzi, E. A. Meneses, and E. Laureto
Systems in which one or more directions are in the nanometric space scale exhibit significantly some peculiar phenomena and processes. We consider here the case of nanometric quantum wells with complex structure, displaying fractal-like characteristics, which are part of semiconductor heterostructur ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083521 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Influence of thin metal nanolayers on the photodetective properties of ZnO thin films

K. W. Liu, B. Liu, S. J. Wang, Z. P. Wei, T. Wu et al.
We investigate the photoconductivity properties of ZnO thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition with and without metals (Au or Pt) on the surface. The covering of nanostructured metals can largely enhance the photocurrent. Meanwhile, the dark currents have been increased significantly due to t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083110 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009.

Multiscale modeling of the thermal conductivity of polycrystalline silicon carbide

Jean-Paul Crocombette and Lionel Gelebart
A multiscale modeling, involving molecular dynamics and finite element calculations, of the degradation of the thermal conductivity of polycrystalline silicon carbide due to the thermal (Kapitza) resistances of grain boundaries is presented. Molecular dynamics simulations focus on the family of til ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083520 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009.

Mechanical stress induced voltage shift in polycrystalline BiLaTiO thin films

Xiumei Wu, Ya Zhai, Yi Kan, Xiaomei Lu, and Jinsong Zhu
Imprint behavior of polycrystalline BiLaTiO thin films under stress was studied. The voltage shift along the positive voltage axis can be depressed by tensile stress while increased by compressive stress. With the measured voltage increasing, the voltage shift referred above increases and the increa ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084105 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009.

A model for structural defects in nanomagnets

F. A. Apolonio, W. A. Moura-Melo, F. P. Crisafuli, A. R. Pereira, and R. L. Silva
A model for describing structural pointlike defects in nanoscaled ferromagnetic materials is presented. Its details are explicitly developed whenever it interacts with a vortexlike state comprised in a thin nanodisk. Among others, our model yields results for the vortex equilibrium position under th ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084320 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009.

Equation of state for aluminum containing helium bubbles

Erez Raicher, Benny Glam, Zohar Henis, Sharon Pecker, Shalom Eliezer et al.
A theoretical model for equation of state (EOS) of aluminum with helium bubbles is presented. Based on this EOS, the influence of helium bubbles on shock loading is examined. The Hugoniot curve (temperature versus pressure as well as shock velocity versus particle velocity) for aluminum containing b ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083519 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009.

Magnetic soft x-ray holography study of focused ion beam-patterned Co/Pt multilayers

S. Streit-Nierobisch, D. Stickler, C. Gutt, L.-M. Stadler, H. Stillrich et al.
We report on Fourier transform holography (FTH) experiments on nanostructured Co/Pt multilayer films with 40 nm spatial imaging resolution. The films have been nanostructured by means of focused ion beam (FIB) milling. Applying the ion beam through the supporting membrane with controlled and homogen ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083909 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009.

Quantum mechanical simulation of nanosized metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor using empirical pseudopotentials: A comparison for charge density occupation methods

Xiang-Wei Jiang, Hui-Xiong Deng, Shu-Shen Li, Jun-Wei Luo, and Lin-Wang Wang
The atomistic pseudopotential quantum mechanical calculations are used to study the transport in million atom nanosized metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. In the charge self-consistent calculation, the quantum mechanical eigenstates of closed systems instead of scattering states of ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084510 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009.

Reconstruction of polarized optical images in two- and three-dimensional vector holograms

Hiroshi Ono, Kakeru Suzuki, Tomoyuki Sasaki, Takanori Iwato, Akira Emoto et al.
In the present paper, we extensively study the optical diffraction in two- and three-dimensional vector holograms and demonstrate the reconstruction of polarized optical images recorded in azobenzene-containing amorphous polymers (AP) and polymer-dissolved liquid-crystalline composites (PDLCC). The ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083109 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009.

Analysis of the high-frequency performance of InGaAs/InAlAs nanojunctions using a three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulator

Toufik Sadi and Jean-Luc Thobel
We report results from the investigation of the intrinsic high-frequency (HF) behavior of three-terminal junctions based on InGaAs/InAlAs heterostructures, using a well-calibrated three-dimensional semiclassical ensemble Monte Carlo simulation model. The simulator incorporates a more realistic surfa ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083709 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Trapping of Ce electrons in band gap and room temperature ferromagnetism of Ce doped ZnO nanowires

Javed Iqbal, Xiaofang Liu, Huichao Zhu, Chongchao Pan, Yong Zhang et al.
Rare-earth (RE) metal doped ZnO nanowires have been fabricated through a simple, quick, and versatile low temperature soft chemical method. The average length and diameter of nanowires lie in range of 5 [mu]m and 60 nm, respectively. Raman and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies demonstrate t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083515 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

The nanoindentation applied to predict the interface delamination for the C/amorphous Si composite film

Chang-Fu Han, Chao-Yu Huang, Bo-Hsiung Wu, and Jen-Fin Lin
In the present study, the indentation depth corresponding to the pop-in arising in the loading process is found to be quite close to the C/amorphous Si composite film thickness, regardless of the C-film thickness. This load-depth behavior gives a clue that the occurrence of pop-in is perhaps related ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083517 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Polarization direction and stability in ferroelectric lead titanate thin films

O. Dahl, J. K. Grepstad, and T. Tybell
In this article, we examine the initial polarization of PbTiO thin films grown epitaxially on SrRuO electrodes. It is found that the as-grown predominant polarization is directed toward the SrRuO bottom electrode in films thinner than 20 nm and directed toward the top surface in thicker films. The d ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084104 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Formation dynamics of hexadecanethiol self-assembled monolayers on (001) GaAs observed with photoluminescence and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies

Chan-Kyu Kim, Gregory M. Marshall, Matthieu Martin, Michel Bisson-Viens, Zbigniew Wasilewski et al.
The dynamics of hexadecanethiol (HDT) [HS(CH)CH] chemisorption and the formation of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on the GaAs(001) surface was studied in situ by monitoring the photoluminescence (PL) intensity over a 20 h period. Comparing the PL time series in HDT solution with that of the bare ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083518 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Excited-state absorption in erbium-doped silica fiber with simultaneous excitation at 977 and 1531 nm

Yu. O. Barmenkov, A. V. Kir'yanov, A. D. Guzman-Chavez, Jose-Luis Cruz, and Miguel V. Andres
We report a study of the excited-state absorption (ESA) in erbium-doped silica fiber (EDF) pumped at 977 nm, when the fiber is simultaneously excited by signal radiation at 1531 nm. We show, both experimentally and theoretically, that ESA efficiency at 977 nm gets strongly enhanced only in the prese ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083108 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Shock wave driven liquid microjets for drug delivery

Viren Menezes, Satyam Kumar, and Kazuyoshi Takayama
A nonintrusive, minimally invasive, needle-less technique to deliver liquids into soft targets is presented. The technique uses a laser-induced shock wave to drive a liquid microjet at a very high speed such that the jet has sufficient momentum to penetrate soft targets. The method can be used to de ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 086102 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Structural and particulate to bulk phase transformation of CdS film on annealing: A Raman spectroscopy study

Alka A. Ingale, Shramana Mishra, U. N. Roy, Pragya Tiwari, and L. M. Kukreja
We have studied the effect of annealing (at temperatures 300, 400, and 500 degrees C) on nanoparticulate CdS film on silicon substrate deposited by hybrid LangmuirBlodgett chemical bath deposition technique. Width, intensity, and the line shape of the longitudinal optical phonon in Raman spectra an ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084315 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Thermal conductivity studies of metal dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotubes in water and ethylene glycol based nanofluids

Neetu Jha and S. Ramaprabhu
High thermal conducting metal nanoparticles have been dispersed on the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) outer surface. Structural and morphological characterizations of metal dispersed MWNTs have been carried out using x-ray diffraction analysis, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084317 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Size-selected agglomerates of SnO nanoparticles as gas sensors

Helmi Keskinen, Antonio Tricoli, Marko Marjamaki, Jyrki M. Makela, and Sotiris E. Pratsinis
The effect of nanoparticle structure on gas sensing performance is investigated. Size-selected nanostructured SnO agglomerate particles for gas sensors were made by scalable flame spray pyrolysis. These particles were polydisperse (up to 12 [mu]m in diameter) and consisted of primary particles of 1 ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084316 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Mechanism of the swift heavy ion induced epitaxial recrystallization in predamaged silicon carbide

A. Benyagoub and A. Audren
Although silicon carbide has attracted extensive investigations of ion irradiation effects at low energy owing to its potential use in harsh environments, very few works were carried out in the field of ion irradiation at high energy. A recent preliminary study exploring the combination of low and h ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083516 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Structure and dielectric properties of cubic Bi(ZnTa)O thin films

Jun Hong Noh, Hee Beom Hong, Jung-Kun Lee, Chin Moo Cho, Jin Young Kim et al.
Pyrochlore Bi(ZnTa)O (BZT) films were prepared by pulsed laser deposition on Pt/TiO/SiO/Si substrates. In contrast to bulk monoclinic BZT ceramics, the BZT films have a cubic structure mediated by an interfacial layer. The dielectric properties of the cubic BZT films [epsilon~177, temperature coeffi ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084103 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Spectral features above LO phonon frequency in resonant Raman scattering spectra of small CdSe nanoparticles

V. M. Dzhagan, I. Lokteva, M. Ya. Valakh, O. E. Raevska, J. Kolny-Olesiak et al.
We report unusual spectral features in the resonant Raman scattering spectra of colloidal CdSe nanoparticles as small as 23 nm. High-frequency shoulders of the longitudinal optical phonon peak and its overtones were observed and their dependence on the excitation wavelength, temperature, nanoparticl ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084318 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Surface effect on domain wall width in ferroelectrics

Eugene A. Eliseev, Anna N. Morozovska, Sergei V. Kalinin, Yulan Li, Jie Shen et al.
We study the effect of the depolarization field on a domain wall structure near the surface of a ferroelectric. Since in real situation bound and screening charges form an electric double layer, the breaking of this layer by the domain wall induces stray depolarization field, which in turn changes t ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084102 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Adhesion in organic electronic structures

T. Tong, B. Babatope, S. Admassie, J. Meng, O. Akwogu et al.
This paper presents the results of atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of the adhesion between materials relevant to organic solar cells and organic light-emitting devices. The adhesion is quantified using pull-off forces obtained for organic-organic, organic-inorganic, and inorganic-inorgani ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083708 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Size and spatial homogeneity of SiGe quantum dots in amorphous silica matrix

Maja Buljan, Sara R. C. Pinto, Reza J. Kashtiban, Anabela G. Rolo, Adil Chahboun et al.
In this paper, we present a study of structural properties of SiGe quantum dots formed in amorphous silica matrix by magnetron sputtering technique. We investigate deposition conditions leading to the formation of dense and uniformly sized quantum dots, distributed homogeneously in the matrix. X-ray ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 084319 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.

Changes to the network structure of ErYb doped phosphate glass induced by femtosecond laser pulses

Luke B. Fletcher, Jon J. Witcher, Wilbur B. Reichman, Alan Arai, Jim Bovatsek et al.
Changes to the glass network structure after modification with tightly focused 1043 nm, 400 fs laser pulses have been studied in ErYb doped phosphate glass using in situ confocal Raman microscopy. For femtosecond laser writing conditions that result in heat accumulation, the 710 and 1209 cm Raman ... [J. Appl. Phys. 106, 083107 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009.