http://scitation.aip.org/ The Journal of Biomedical Optics is intended to be the repository for peer-reviewed papers that utilize modern optical technology for improved health care and biomedical research. Topics suitable for the Journal of Biomedical Optics include the following: medical and biological imaging instrumentation and techniques; noninvasive physiological monitoring; laser-tissue interactions and dosimetry; laser diagnostic and laser therapeutic methods, instruments, and systems; ophthalmic instruments, systems, implants, and clinical applications; optical biosensors; ultrasensitive detection and optical clinical chemistry; optical tomography and photon migration; endoscopic systems and applications; biospectroscopy and optoelectronic instrumentation; fiber optic sensors, instrumentation, and techniques; optical and structural microscopy; applications of optical systems and technologies to biology and medicine. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064015/1&agg=rss Silvia E. Murialdo, Gonzalo H. Sendra, Lucia I. Passoni et al.<br/> Chemotaxis has a meaningful role in several fields, such as microbial physiology, medicine and biotechnology. We present a new application of dynamic laser speckle (or biospeckle) to detect different degrees of bacterial motility during chemotactic response experiments. Encouraging results showed di ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064015 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064006/1&agg=rss Mamta Khurana, Eduardo H. Moriyama, Adrian Mariampillai et al.<br/> As part of an ongoing program to develop two-photon (2-gamma) photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treatment of wet-form age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other vascular pathologies, we have evaluated the reciprocity of drug-light doses in focal-PDT. We targeted individual arteries in a murine wi ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064006 (2009)] published Thu Nov 19, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064043/1&agg=rss Kazuya Aizawa, Shunichi Sato, Mitsuhiro Terakawa et al.<br/> Gene therapy using wound healingassociated growth factor gene has received much attention as a new strategy for improving the outcome of tissue transplantation. We delivered plasmid DNA coding for human hepatocyte growth factor (hHGF) to rat free skin grafts by the use of laser-induced stress waves ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064043 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064012/1&agg=rss George Themelis, Jung Sun Yoo, Kwang-Sup Soh et al.<br/> We present a novel fluorescence imaging system developed for real-time interventional imaging applications. The system implements a correction scheme that improves the accuracy of epi-illumination fluorescence images for light intensity variation in tissues. The implementation is based on the use of ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064012 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064007/1&agg=rss Hans-Peter Brecht, Richard Su, Matthew Fronheiser et al.<br/> We develop a system for three-dimensional whole-body optoacoustic tomography of small animals for applications in preclinical research. The tomographic images are obtained while the objects of study (phantoms or mice) are rotated within a sphere outlined by a concave arc-shaped array of 64 piezocomp ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064007 (2009)] published Wed Nov 18, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064016/1&agg=rss Galia Norman, Yaron Rabi, Ehud Assia et al.<br/> The common method of closing conjunctival incisions is by suturing, which is associated with several disadvantages. It requires skill to apply and does not always provide a watertight closure, which is required in some operations (e.g., glaucoma filtration). The purpose of the present study was to e ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064016 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064014/1&agg=rss Rahul A. Sheth, Lee Josephson, and Umar Mahmood<br/> A fluorescent analog to 2-deoxy-2 [F] fluoro-D-glucose position emission tomography (FDG-PET) would allow for the introduction of metabolic imaging into intraoperative and minimally invasive settings. We present through in vitro and in vivo experimentation an evaluation of 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064014 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064013/1&agg=rss Christine S. Mulvey, Carly A. Sherwood, and Irving J. Bigio<br/> Apoptosisprogrammed cell deathis a cellular process exhibiting distinct biochemical and morphological changes. An understanding of the early morphological changes that a cell undergoes during apoptosis can provide the opportunity to monitor apoptosis in tissue, yielding diagnostic and prognostic inf ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064013 (2009)] published Mon Nov 16, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064011/1&agg=rss Heng Xu and Brad W. Rice<br/> Spectral unmixing is a useful technique in fluorescence imaging for reducing the effects of native tissue autofluorescence and separating multiple fluorescence probes. While spectral unmixing methods are well established in fluorescence microscopy, they typically rely on precharacterized in-vitro sp ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064011 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064001/1&agg=rss Jerome Boutet, Lionel Herve, Mathieu Debourdeau et al.<br/> Finding a way to combine ultrasound and fluorescence optical imaging on an endorectal probe may improve early detection of prostate cancer. The ultrasound provides morphological information about the prostate, while the optical system detects and locates fluorophore-marked tumors. A tissue-mimicking ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064001 (2009)] published Thu Nov 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064009/1&agg=rss Chit Yaw Fu, Beng Koon Ng, and Sirajudeen Gulam Razul<br/> The fluorescence lifetime technique offers an effective way to resolve fluorescent components with overlapping emission spectra. The presence of multiple fluorescent components in biological compounds can hamper their discrimination. The conventional method based on the nonlinear least-squares techn ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064009 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064008/1&agg=rss Paul Lemaillet and Jessica C. Ramella-Roman<br/> Measurements of oxygen saturation and flow in the retina can yield information about eye health and the onset of eye pathologies such as diabetic retinopathy. Recently, we developed a multiaperture camera that uses the division of the retinal image into several wavelength-sensitive subimages to comp ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064008 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/060501/1&agg=rss Austin R. Duke, Jonathan M. Cayce, Jonathan D. Malphrus et al.<br/> Low-intensity, pulsed infrared light provides a novel nerve stimulation modality that avoids the limitations of traditional electrical methods such as necessity of contact, presence of a stimulation artifact, and relatively poor spatial precision. Infrared neural stimulation (INS) is, however, limit ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 060501 (2009)] published Tue Nov 10, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/060502/1&agg=rss Ching-Wei Chang, Mei Wu, Sofia D. Merajver et al.<br/> Accurate, unambiguous detection of molecular interactions in living cells via measurements of Forster (or fluorescence) resonance energy transfer (FRET) events is experimentally challenging. We develop and apply a physiological fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (physiological FLIM) system to ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 060502 (2009)] published Thu Nov 5, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064005/1&agg=rss Yixuan Li, Juergen Schnekenburger, and Michael H. G. Duits<br/> We studied the dynamics of two types of intracellular probe particles, ballistically injected latex spheres and endogenous granules, in tumor cell lines of differerent metastatic potential: breast tumor cells (MCF-7 malignant, MCF-10A benign) and pancreas adenocarcinoma (PaTu8988T malignant, PaTu898 ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064005 (2009)] published Wed Nov 4, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064004/1&agg=rss Weirong Mo, Tryphena S. S. Chan, Ling Chen et al.<br/> We report the quantitative measurements of optical and physiological parameters of normal breasts from 19 Singapore women by using time-resolved diffuse optical spectroscopy. Intrinsic absorption coefficient ([mu]) and reduced scattering coefficients ([mu]) of breasts were calculated from the time-r ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064004 (2009)] published Wed Nov 4, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/064002/1&agg=rss Yao Sun, Eric Sobel, and Huabei Jiang<br/> We present for the first time in vivo full three-dimensional (3-D) photoacoustic tomography (PAT) of the distal interphalangeal joint in a human subject. Both absorbed energy density and absorption coefficient images of the joint are quantitatively obtained using our finite-element-based photoacoust ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 064002 (2009)] published Wed Nov 4, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/050101/1&agg=rss Bruce J. Tromberg<br/> Abstract not available. [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 050101 (2009)] published Tue Nov 3, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054043/1&agg=rss Sheng-Hao Tseng, Carole Hayakawa, Jerome Spanier et al.<br/> We design a special diffusing probe to investigate the optical properties of human skin in vivo. The special geometry of the probe enables a modified two-layer (MTL) diffusion model to precisely describe the photon transport even when the source-detector separation is shorter than 3 mean free paths. ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054043 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054036/1&agg=rss Patrick M. Johnson and Ad Lagendijk<br/> We have developed several new experimental model systems that demonstrate anisotropic diffusion of light. These systems, consisting of aligned fibers, stretched plastic foam, and stretched plastic frit, have relatively simple microstructures and are easily sliced, making them ideal for testing theor ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054036 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054039/1&agg=rss Trent D. Ridder, Benjamin J. Ver Steeg, and Bentley D. Laaksonen<br/> Alcohol testing is an expanding area of interest due to the impacts of alcohol abuse that extend well beyond drunk driving. However, existing approaches such as blood and urine assays are hampered in some testing environments by biohazard risks. A noninvasive, in vivo spectroscopic technique offers ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054039 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054050/1&agg=rss Arvind Chandrasekaran and Muthukumaran Packirisamy<br/> The advent of microoptoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS) and its integration with other technologies such as microfluidics, microthermal, immunoproteomics, etc. has led to the concept of an integrated micro-total-analysis systems ([mu]TAS) or Lab-on-a-Chip for chemical and biological applications. R ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054050 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054040/1&agg=rss Judith Baumgart, Kai Kuetemeyer, Willem Bintig et al.<br/> Femtosecond (fs) laserbased cell surgery is typically done in two different regimes, at kHz or MHz repetition rate. Formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an often predicted effect due to illumination with short laser pulses in biological tissue. We present our study on ROS formation in singl ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054040 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054033/1&agg=rss Marie-Laure Anne, Caroline Le Lan, Valerie Monbet et al.<br/> Fiber evanescent wave spectroscopy (FEWS) explores the mid-infrared domain, providing information on functional chemical groups represented in the sample. Our goal is to evaluate whether spectral fingerprints obtained by FEWS might orientate clinical diagnosis. Serum samples from normal volunteers a ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054033 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054037/1&agg=rss Yankui Sun and Ming Lei<br/> Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a recent imaging method that allows high-resolution, cross-sectional imaging through tissues and materials. Over the past 18 years, OCT has been successfully used in disease diagnosis, biomedical research, material evaluation, and many other domains. As OCT is ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054037 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054046/1&agg=rss Hsiao-Chuan Wang, Simon Fleming, Yung-Chun Lee et al.<br/> Laser ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods have been proposed to replace conventional in vivo dental clinical diagnosis tools that are either destructive or incapable of quantifying the elasticity of human dental enamel. In this work, a laser NDE system that can perform remote measurem ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054046 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054045/1&agg=rss You-Chen Tao and Daniel Fried<br/> Image-guided laser ablation systems are now feasible for dentistry with the recent development of nondestructive high-contrast imaging modalities such as near-IR (NIR) imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT) that are capable of discriminating between sound and demineralized dental enamel at ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054045 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054041/1&agg=rss Shuo Pang, Alvin T. Yeh, Chao Wang et al.<br/> Two-photon-excited fluorescence and second-harmonic generation are characterized as a function of laser pulse duration as short as sub-10-fs. A comparative study is performed where pulse duration is varied by introducing dispersion, as reported previously, and by tailoring pulse spectral width and m ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054041 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054032/1&agg=rss Jaakko Virtanen, Tommi Noponen, and Pekka Merilainen<br/> Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a method for noninvasive estimation of cerebral hemodynamic changes. Principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA) can be used for decomposing a set of signals to underlying components. Our objective is to determine whether PCA or IC ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054032 (2009)] published Fri Oct 30, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054022/1&agg=rss Jiahuan Zhai, Ting Li, Zhongxing Zhang et al.<br/> A dual-modality method combining continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and event-related potentials (ERPs) was developed for the Chinese-character color-word Stroop task, which included congruent, incongruent, and neutral stimuli. Sixteen native Chinese speakers participated in this stud ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054022 (2009)] published Thu Oct 29, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054030/1&agg=rss Paola Taroni, Andrea Bassi, Daniela Comelli et al.<br/> The feasibility of in vivo measurements in the range of 1000 to 1100 nm and the potential benefits of operation in that wavelength range for diagnostic applications are investigated. To this purpose, an existing system for time-resolved diffuse spectroscopy is modified to enable in vivo studies t ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054030 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054027/1&agg=rss Bertan Hallacoglu, Richard S. Matulewicz, Harriet J. Paltiel et al.<br/> We present a quantitative near-IR spectroscopy study of the absolute values of oxygen saturation of hemoglobin before and after surgically induced testicular torsion in adult rabbits. Unilateral testicular torsions (0, 540, or 720 deg) on experimental testes and contralateral sham surgery on contro ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054027 (2009)] published Wed Oct 28, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054034/1&agg=rss Cuiping Yao, Xiaochao Qu, Zhenxi Zhang et al.<br/> Light-absorbing nanoparticles that are heated by short laser pulses can transiently increase membrane permeability. We evaluate the membrane permeability by flow cytometry assaying of propidium iodide and fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-D) using different laser sources. The dependence of th ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054034 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054031/1&agg=rss Marta Larraona-Puy, Adrian Ghita, Alina Zoladek et al.<br/> We investigate the potential of Raman microspectroscopy (RMS) for automated evaluation of excised skin tissue during Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). The main aim is to develop an automated method for imaging and diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) regions. Selected Raman bands responsible for t ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054031 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054038/1&agg=rss Shinji Umeyama and Toru Yamada<br/> In near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), concentration changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin are calculated using an attenuation change of the measurement light and by solving a linear equation based on the modified Lambert-Beer law. While solving this equation, we need to know the wavelength-dependent m ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054038 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054019/1&agg=rss Galit Levin, Anat Shirvan, Hagit Grimberg et al.<br/> Chemotherapy-induced enteropathy (CIE) is one of the most serious complications of anticancer therapy, and tools for its early detection and monitoring are highly needed. We report on a novel fluorescence method for detection of CIE, based on molecular imaging of the related apoptotic process. The m ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054019 (2009)] published Tue Oct 27, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054026/1&agg=rss Wei-Liang Chen, Chen-Kuan Chou, Ming-Gu Lin et al.<br/> Both reflected confocal and multiphoton microscopy can have clinical diagnostic applications. The successful combination of both modalities in tissue imaging enables unique image contrast to be achieved, especially if a single laser excitation wavelength is used. We apply this approach for skin and ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054026 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054042/1&agg=rss Valerie Duplan, Yannick Miron, Eric Frost et al.<br/> In the quest for the development of an all-optical biosensor for rapid detection and typing of viral pathogens, we investigate biosensing architectures that take advantage of strong photoluminescence emission from III-V quantum semiconductors (QS). One of the key elements in the development of such ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054042 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054047/1&agg=rss Nikolaus Dragostinoff, Rene M. Werkmeister, Martin Groschl et al.<br/> A device that allows for the measurement of ocular fundus pulsations at preselected axial positions of a subject's eye is presented. Unlike previously presented systems, which only allow for observation of the strongest reflecting retinal layer, our system enables the measurement of fundus pulsation ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054047 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054015/1&agg=rss James Chen Yong Kah, Malini Olivo, Tzu Hao Chow et al.<br/> The control of image contrast is essential toward optimizing a contrast enhancement procedure in optical coherence tomography (OCT). In this study, the in vivo control of optical contrast in a mouse tumor model with gold nanoshells as a contrast agent is examined. Gold nanoshells are administered in ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054015 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054029/1&agg=rss Moritz Friebel, Kirsten Povel, Hans-Joachim Cappius et al.<br/> Aesthetic restorations require dental restorative materials to have optical properties very similar to those of the teeth. A method is developed to this end to determine the optical parameters absorption coefficient [mu], scattering coefficient [mu], anisotropy factor g, and effective scattering coe ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054029 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054049/1&agg=rss Junjie Yao, Konstantin Maslov, Song Hu et al.<br/> Complete and continuous imaging of microvascular networks is crucial for a wide variety of biomedical applications. Photoacoustic tomography can provide high resolution microvascular imaging using hemoglobin within red blood cells (RBCs) as an endogenic contrast agent. However, intermittent RBC flow ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054049 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054012/1&agg=rss John McMurdy, Jonathan Reichner, Zara Mathews et al.<br/> Monitoring the physiological effects of biological mediators on vascular permeability is important for identifying potential targets for antivascular leak therapy. This therapy is relevant to treatments for pulmonary edema and other disorders. Current methods of quantifying vascular leak are in vitr ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054012 (2009)] published Mon Oct 26, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054048/1&agg=rss Michal Tepper, Rotem Neeman, Yonat Milstein et al.<br/> The objective of this study is to develop a minimal invasive thermal imaging method to determine the oxygenation level of an internal tissue. In this method, the tissue is illuminated using an optical fiber by several wavelengths in the visible and near-IR range. Each wavelength is absorbed by the t ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054048 (2009)] published Fri Oct 23, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054044/1&agg=rss Oguz K. Baskurt, Mehmet Uyuklu, Max R. Hardeman et al.<br/> Red blood cell (RBC) aggregation is the reversible and regular clumping in the presence of certain macromolecules. This is a clinically important phenomenon, being significantly enhanced in the presence of acute phase reactants (e.g., fibrinogen). Both light reflection (LR) and light transmission (L ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054044 (2009)] published Fri Oct 23, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054051/1&agg=rss Karthik Vishwanath, Daniel Klein, Kevin Chang et al.<br/> Noninvasive and longitudinal monitoring of tumor oxygenation status using quantitative diffuse reflectance spectroscopy is used to test whether a final treatment outcome could be estimated from early optical signatures in a murine model of head and neck cancer when treated with radiation. Implanted ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054051 (2009)] published Fri Oct 23, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054028/1&agg=rss Dong Li, Mildred S. Yang, Tao Lin et al.<br/> We demonstrate that using time-resolved two-photon excitation endogenous fluorescence microscopy, the cadmium (Cd)-induced cellular toxic level can be assessed by the free-to protein-bound reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (free/bound NADH) ratio in a living cell. NADH fluorescence excited a ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054028 (2009)] published Fri Oct 23, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/059803/1&agg=rss Yuan Liu, Hsiao-Ching Chen, Shu-Mei Yang et al.<br/> Abstract not available. [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 059803 (2009)] published Tue Oct 20, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054025/1&agg=rss Juergen Lademann, Heike Richter, Alena Alborova et al.<br/> Regardless of the fact that several highly efficient antiseptics are commercially available, the antiseptic treatment of chronic wounds remains a problem. In the past, electrical plasma discharges have been frequently used in biometrical science for disinfection and sterilization of material surface ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054025 (2009)] published Wed Oct 14, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054023/1&agg=rss Abigail S. Haka, Zoya Volynskaya, Joseph A. Gardecki et al.<br/> We present the first prospective test of Raman spectroscopy in diagnosing normal, benign, and malignant human breast tissues. Prospective testing of spectral diagnostic algorithms allows clinicians to accurately assess the diagnostic information contained in, and any bias of, the spectroscopic measu ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054023 (2009)] published Wed Oct 14, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054021/1&agg=rss Murat Canpolat, Mahmut Akyuz, Guzide Ayse Gokhan et al.<br/> We have investigated the potential application of elastic light single-scattering spectroscopy (ELSSS) as an adjunctive tool for intraoperative rapid detection of brain tumors and demarcation of the tumor from the surrounding normal tissue. Measurements were performed on 29 excised tumor specimens f ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054021 (2009)] published Wed Oct 14, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054018/1&agg=rss Mark C. van Turnhout, Sander Kranenbarg, and Johan L. van Leeuwen<br/> Quantitative polarized light microscopy (qPLM) is a popular tool for the investigation of birefringent architectures in biological tissues. Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is such a birefringent material. Interpretation of results of qPLM in terms of collagen network architecture and ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054018 (2009)] published Mon Oct 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054024/1&agg=rss Manojit Pramanik and Lihong V. Wang<br/> We present a novel temperature-sensing technique using thermoacoustic and photoacoustic measurements. This noninvasive method has been demonstrated using a tissue phantom to have high temporal resolution and temperature sensitivity. Because both photoacoustic and thermoacoustic signal amplitudes dep ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054024 (2009)] published Mon Oct 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054017/1&agg=rss Tatsuo Kawarasaki, Kazuhiko Uchiyama, Atsushi Hirao et al.<br/> Animal imaging sources have become an indispensable material for biological sciences. Specifically, gene-encoded biological probes serve as stable and high-performance tools to visualize cellular fate in living animals. We use a somatic cell cloning technique to create new green fluorescent protein ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054017 (2009)] published Mon Oct 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054020/1&agg=rss Sven Meissner, Lilla Knels, Alexander Krueger et al.<br/> There is a growing interest in analyzing lung mechanics at the level of the alveoli in order to understand stress-related pathogenesis and possibly avoid ventilator associated lung injury. Emerging quantitative models to simulate fluid mechanics and the associated stresses and strains on delicate al ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054020 (2009)] published Mon Oct 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054006/1&agg=rss Jean-Michel I. Maarek and Daniel P. Holschneider<br/> There is considerable interest in assessing cardiovascular function noninvasively in patients receiving hemodialysis. A possible approach is to measure the blood concentration of bolus-injected indocyanine green dye and to apply the dye-dilution method for estimating cardiac output and blood volume. ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054006 (2009)] published Mon Oct 12, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054013/1&agg=rss Zhen Yuan, Qizhi Zhang, Eric Sobel et al.<br/> In this study, a simplified spherical harmonics approximated higher order diffusion model is employed for 3-D diffuse optical tomography of osteoarthritis in the finger joints. We find that the use of a higher-order diffusion model in a stand-alone framework provides significant improvement in recon ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054013 (2009)] published Wed Oct 7, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/059801/1&agg=rss Xian Chen, Zhilie Tang, Yongheng He et al.<br/> Abstract not available. [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 059801 (2009)] published Wed Oct 7, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/050505/1&agg=rss Joseph Chaiken, Jerry Goodisman, Bin Deng et al.<br/> We report simultaneous observation of elastic scattering, fluorescence, and inelastic scattering from in vivo near-infrared probing of human skin. Careful control of the mechanical force needed to obtain reliable registration of in vivo tissue with an appropriate optical system allows reproducible o ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 050505 (2009)] published Wed Oct 7, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054016/1&agg=rss Fenghua Tian, Britton Chance, and Hanli Liu<br/> We hypothesize that nonlinearity between short-term anagram tasks and corresponding hemodynamic responses can be observed by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The PFC of six human subjects in response to anagram tasks is investigated using multichannel fNI ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054016 (2009)] published Wed Oct 7, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/050504/1&agg=rss Yali Jia, Lin An, and Ruikang K. Wang<br/> Traditional phase-resolved Doppler optical coherence tomography (DOCT) has been reported to have potential for characterizing local fluid flow within a microporous scaffold. In this work, we apply Doppler optical microangiography (DOMAG), a new imaging technique developed by combining optical microa ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 050504 (2009)] published Wed Oct 7, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054003/1&agg=rss Wen Lo, Yu-Lin Chang, Jia-Shiu Liu et al.<br/> We used the combination of multiphoton autofluorescence (MAF), forward second-harmonic generation (FWSHG), and backward second-harmonic generation (BWSHG) imaging for the qualitative and quantitative characterization of thermal damage of ex vivo bovine cornea. We attempt to characterize the structur ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054003 (2009)] published Thu Oct 1, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/050506/1&agg=rss Irina V. Larina, Kenryo Furushima, Mary E. Dickinson et al.<br/> The rat has long been considered an excellent system to study mammalian embryonic cardiovascular physiology, but has lacked the extensive genetic tools available in the mouse to be able to create single gene mutations. However, the recent establishment of rat embryonic stem cell lines facilitates th ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 050506 (2009)] published Thu Oct 1, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/050503/1&agg=rss Shuaixia Tan, Hongjun Dai, Juejie Wu et al.<br/> Real-time electronic speckle pattern interferometry method has been applied to study the diffusion behavior of levofloxacin mesylate (MSALVFX) in agarose hydrogel. The results show that the diffusivity of solute decreases with the increase of concentration of agarose and adapts to Kohlrausch's law. ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 050503 (2009)] published Thu Oct 1, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/059802/1&agg=rss Darine Abi-Haidar and Thomas Olivier<br/> Abstract not available. [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 059802 (2009)] published Tue Sep 22, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054014/1&agg=rss Andres Aguirre, Puyun Guo, John Gamelin et al.<br/> Ovarian cancer has the highest mortality of all gynecologic cancers, with a five-year survival rate of only 30% or less. Current imaging techniques are limited in sensitivity and specificity in detecting early stage ovarian cancer prior to its widespread metastasis. New imaging techniques that can p ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054014 (2009)] published Tue Sep 22, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054008/1&agg=rss Cheng-Kuang Lee, Meng-Tsan Tsai, Hsiang-Chieh Lee et al.<br/> The epithelium (EP) thickness and the standard deviation (SD) of A-mode scan intensity in the laminar propria (LP) layer are used as effective indicators for the diagnosis of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) based on the noninvasive clinical scanning of a swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054008 (2009)] published Tue Sep 22, 2009. http://link.aip.org/link/?JBO/14/054004/1&agg=rss Jared Stephens, Samarendra K. Mohanty, Suzanne Genc et al.<br/> We present a simple and efficient method for controlled linear induction of DNA damage in live cells. By passing a pulsed laser beam through a cylindrical lens prior to expansion, an elongated elliptical beam profile is created with the ability to expose controlled linear patterns while keeping the ... [J. Biomed. Opt. 14, 054004 (2009)] published Tue Sep 22, 2009.